The spin Hall effect is a major source of spin-orbit torques (SOTs), which allow efficient electrical manipulation of magnetization. So far, the spin Hall effect has been investigated using materials with strong spin-orbit coupling, such as 5d transition metals, and the spin Hall effect in light elements, which results in weak spin-orbit coupling, is often considered to be negligible. Here, we report an efficient spin Hall material that can be realized using 3d transition metals, namely, an amorphous $\mathrm{Co}$-$\mathrm{Ni}$-$\mathrm{B}$ alloy under a paramagnetic state. Despite no heavy elements being used in this material, we estimate the spin Hall angle of $\mathrm{Co}$-$\mathrm{Ni}$-$\mathrm{B}$ alloys to be about 0.10 via harmonic Hall measurements, which is comparable to that of 5d transition metals. A highly efficient spin Hall angle originates from the high-spin Hall conductivity of paramagnetic $\mathrm{Ni}$. We also demonstrate SOT-induced magnetization switching using the spin Hall effect on the $\mathrm{Co}$-$\mathrm{Ni}$-$\mathrm{B}$ alloy with comparable switching current density using a heavy-metal spin Hall material. Our findings provide an approach to realize the coexistence between highly efficient and heavy-element-free SOT-based devices.

中文翻译：

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顺磁性Co-Ni-B合金中自旋霍尔效应产生的大自旋轨道转矩效率

自旋霍尔效应是自旋轨道扭矩（SOT）的主要来源，自旋轨道扭矩（SOT）允许对磁化进行有效的电操纵。到目前为止，已经使用具有强自旋轨道耦合的材料（如5 d过渡金属）研究了自旋霍尔效应，并且轻元素的自旋霍尔效应（导致弱的自旋轨道耦合）通常被认为可以忽略不计。 。在这里，我们报告了一种高效的自旋霍尔材料，可以使用3d过渡金属（即非晶态）实现$\mathrm{有限公司}$--$你$--$\mathrm{乙}$合金处于顺磁性状态。尽管此材料中没有使用重元素，但我们估计了自旋霍尔角$\mathrm{有限公司}$--$你$--$\mathrm{乙}$通过谐波霍尔测量，合金约为0.10，这与5 d过渡金属的合金相当。高效的自旋霍尔角源自顺磁性的高自旋霍尔电导率$你$。我们还演示了使用自旋霍尔效应对SOT诱导的磁化切换$\mathrm{有限公司}$--$你$--$\mathrm{乙}$采用重金属自旋霍尔材料的合金，具有可比的开关电流密度。我们的发现为实现高效和不含重元素的SOT设备之间的共存提供了一种方法。