Introduction: Stress and social isolation are potent predictors of negative health outcomes and are impacted in mood and anxiety disorders. Difficulties in social interactions have been particularly noted in people diagnosed with major depression disorder (MDD) and social phobia (SP). It remains poorly understood, however, how these variables interact on a moment-to-moment basis and which variables moderate this relationship. Psychological flexibility, or the ability to be open to experiences while maintaining engagement in valued activities, may help moderate the relationship between stress and social interaction. Objective: This study examined these variables in participants diagnosed with MDD and SP and compared them to a control group. Methods: Participants were diagnosed with a mental disorder (n = 118 MDD; n = 47 SP) or were in the control group consisting of participants without MDD or SP (n = 119). Using the event sampling methodology (ESM), participants were queried six times per day for 7 days about stress, social interactions, and emotional response (rigid vs. flexible). Results: Higher current stress levels were related to more social interactions. This relationship was even stronger in situations when response flexibility was increased, especially in the clinical groups. Conclusions: Data suggest that a healthy psychological process (flexible emotional responding) buffers the relationship between stress and social interactions. We discuss how these variables interact and whether these patterns may paradoxically contribute to the maintenance of psychopathology.
Psychother Psychosom

中文翻译：

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反应方式如何调节抑郁、社交恐惧症和控制中的日常压力与社交互动之间的关系

简介：压力和社会孤立是负面健康结果的有力预测因素，并会影响情绪和焦虑症。在诊断为重度抑郁症 (MDD) 和社交恐惧症 (SP) 的人群中，社交互动的困难尤为明显。然而，人们对这些变量如何在瞬间相互作用以及哪些变量调节这种关系知之甚少。心理灵活性，或在保持参与有价值的活动的同时对体验持开放态度的能力，可能有助于缓和压力与社交互动之间的关系。目标：本研究检查了被诊断患有 MDD 和 SP 的参与者的这些变量，并将它们与对照组进行了比较。方法：参与者被诊断出患有精神障碍（n = 118 MDD；n = 47 SP）或处于由没有 MDD 或 SP 的参与者组成的对照组（n = 119）。使用事件抽样方法 (ESM)，参与者在 7 天内每天被询问六次关于压力、社交互动和情绪反应（刚性与灵活）。结果：当前较高的压力水平与更多的社交互动有关。在反应灵活性增加的情况下，这种关系甚至更强，尤其是在临床组中。结论：数据表明，健康的心理过程（灵活的情绪反应）可以缓冲压力与社交互动之间的关系。我们讨论这些变量如何相互作用，以及这些模式是否会自相矛盾地促进精神病理学的维持。
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