MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small and highly conserved non-coding RNAs that silence target mRNAs, and compelling evidence suggests that they play an essential role in the pathogenesis of human diseases, especially cancer. miR-125b, which is the mammalian orthologue of the first discovered miRNA lin-4 in Caenorhabditis elegans, is one of the most important miRNAs that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. The role of miR-125b in many types of cancer has been well established, and so here we review the current knowledge of how miR-125b is deregulated in different types of cancer; its oncogenic and/or tumour-suppressive roles in tumourigenesis and cancer progression; and its regulation with regard to treatment response, all of which are underlined in multiple studies. The emerging information that elucidates the essential functions of miR-125b might help support its potentiality as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker as well as an effective therapeutic tool against cancer.

中文翻译：

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miR-125b在癌症中的基本功能

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 是小而高度保守的非编码 RNAs，可以沉默靶标 mRNAs，令人信服的证据表明它们在人类疾病，尤其是癌症的发病机制中发挥着重要作用。miR-125b 是在秀丽隐杆线虫中首次发现的 miRNA lin-4 的哺乳动物直向同源物，是调节各种生理和病理过程的最重要的 miRNA 之一。miR-125b 在许多类型的癌症中的作用已经得到很好的证实，因此在这里我们回顾了有关 miR-125b 如何在不同类型的癌症中失调的当前知识；其在肿瘤发生和癌症进展中的致癌和/或肿瘤抑制作用；及其对治疗反应的调节，所有这些都在多项研究中得到强调。