Abstract Modern pollen rain analysis is useful to understand the pollen–vegetation relationship and to improve the understanding of pollen spectra in sediments by reconstructing past vegetation changes. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the pollen and vegetation relationships across the landscape mosaic in central Mexico. A total of 57 moss and surface water samples were collected from different types of vegetation along an elevational gradient. Data were jointly analyzed through multivariate analysis and ecological index to establish a correlation among pollen, vegetation and landscape features. Three vegetation types: temperate forest, tropical dry forest and shrubland were identified and their distribution follows a clear catenal gradient. In mountains and hills, pollen of Pinus and Quercus presented a higher degree of association with temperate forests. In plain landforms pollen of Prosopis, Acacia and Ipomoea showed a positive correlation with the tropical dry forest. Pollen from plains also harbor substantial Pinus, Quercus and Alnus. The application of traditional methods and multivariate analysis were key for a better understanding of the pollen–vegetation–landscape relationship, especially in regions with clear catenal landscape. Our results were discussed to support future interpretations of paleoecological investigations.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥中部景观马赛克的现代花粉-植被关系

摘要 现代花粉雨分析有助于了解花粉-植被关系，通过重建过去的植被变化来提高对沉积物中花粉光谱的理解。本文的目的是评估墨西哥中部景观马赛克中的花粉和植被关系。沿海拔梯度从不同类型的植被中收集了总共 57 个苔藓和地表水样品。通过多元分析和生态指数联合分析数据，建立花粉、植被和景观特征之间的相关性。确定了三种植被类型：温带森林、热带干旱森林和灌丛，它们的分布遵循明显的链梯度。在山区和丘陵，Pinus 和 Quercus 的花粉与温带森林的关联度更高。在平原地貌中，Prosopis、Acacia 和Ipomoea 的花粉与热带干旱林呈正相关。来自平原的花粉也含有大量的松、栎和桤木。应用传统方法和多变量分析是更好地了解花粉-植被-景观关系的关键，尤其是在具有清晰链景观的地区。讨论了我们的结果以支持对古生态调查的未来解释。应用传统方法和多变量分析是更好地了解花粉-植被-景观关系的关键，尤其是在具有清晰链景观的地区。讨论了我们的结果以支持对古生态调查的未来解释。应用传统方法和多变量分析是更好地了解花粉-植被-景观关系的关键，尤其是在具有清晰链景观的地区。讨论了我们的结果以支持对古生态调查的未来解释。