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Chondrocytes respond both anabolically and catabolically to impact loading generally considered non-injurious
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104252
Stephany Santos , Kelsey Richard , Melanie C. Fisher , Caroline N. Dealy , David M. Pierce

We aimed to determine the longitudinal effects of low-energy (generally considered non-injurious) impact loading on (1) chondrocyte proliferation, (2) chondroprogenitor cell activity, and (3) EGFR signaling. In an in vitro study, we assessed 127 full-thickness, cylindrical osteochondral plugs of bovine cartilage undergoing either single, uniaxial unconfined impact loads with energy densities in the range of 1.5–3.2 mJ/mm3 or no impact (controls). We quantified cell responses at two, 24, 48, and 72 h via immunohistochemical labeling of Ki67, Sox9, and pEGFR antibodies. We compared strain, stress, and impact energy density as predictors for mechanotransductive responses from cells, and fit significant correlations using linear regressions. Our study demonstrates that low-energy mechanical impacts (1.5–3.2 mJ/mm3) generally stimulate time-dependent anabolic responses in the superficial zone of articular cartilage and catabolic responses in the middle and deep zones. We also found that impact energy density is the most consistent predictor of cell responses to low-energy impact loading. These spatial and temporal changes in chondrocyte behavior result directly from low-energy mechanical impacts, revealing a new level of mechanotransductive sensitivity in chondrocytes not previously appreciated.



中文翻译:

软骨细胞对代谢负荷的合成代谢和分解代谢均无反应

我们旨在确定低能量(通常被认为是非伤害性)冲击负荷对(1)软骨细胞增殖,(2)软骨生成细胞活性和(3)EGFR信号传导的纵向影响。在一项体外研究中,我们评估了127个牛软骨的全厚度圆柱形骨软骨栓塞,其能量密度在1.5-3.2 mJ / mm的范围内,受到单,单轴无侧限冲击载荷3或没有影响(控制)。我们通过免疫组织化学标记Ki67,Sox9和pEGFR抗体在2、24、48和72 h量化细胞反应。我们比较了应变,应力和冲击能密度作为细胞机械转导反应的预测指标,并使用线性回归拟合显着相关性。我们的研究表明,低能机械冲击(1.5–3.2 mJ / mm3)通常会刺激关节软骨表层区域的时间依赖性合成代谢反应,并在中部和深部区域刺激分解代谢反应。我们还发现,撞击能量密度是细胞对低能量撞击负荷反应的最一致的预测因子。软骨细胞行为的这些时空变化直接源于低能量的机械冲击,从而揭示了以前未认识到的软骨细胞机械传导敏感性的新水平。

更新日期:2020-12-29
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