OBJECTIVE Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most common central nervous system pathology in preterm infants. No consensus has been reached over the best indication for intervention in patients with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). The authors present the neurological outcome of infants with IVH and an early treatment approach, defined as an intervention when ventricular dilation is less than 4-mm over the 97th-percentile of Levene's index. METHODS We performed a retrospective case-series study of 12 infants who had IVH and an early intervention, their neurological development was evaluated after 18-months of corrected age using the Bayley-III Scales. Measures of central tendency and Pearson's correlation were used for data analysis. RESULTS In a 15-month period, twelve patients were diagnosed with IVH and underwent an early intervention. At the time of diagnosis, 2 patients had grade II IVH, 7 grade III, and 3 grade IV. Subgaleal shunt was the first intervention. 9 (75 %) ultimately required a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. A total of 9 (75 %) patients had normal cognitive scores, 7 (58.3 %) for the language-composite, and 8 (66.7 %) for the motor-composite. 6 (50 %) patients had normal scores in all composites. The average scores reported normal results (CC:98.33 ± 22.59; LC:98.25 ± 23.93; MC:88.58 ± 21.47). There was a significant correlation between antenatal steroids and the LC-score (p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Half of the patients with PHH and early neurosurgical interventions had an average or above average neurodevelopmental score in all three areas. Current literature and undergoing clinical trials have shown promising results on the implementation of this type of intervention.

中文翻译：

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婴儿出血后脑积水的早期干预和神经发育结局：病例系列和文献综述

目的 脑室内出血 (IVH) 是早产儿最常见的中枢神经系统病理学。对于出血后脑积水 (PHH) 患者的最佳干预指征尚未达成共识。作者介绍了 IVH 婴儿的神经学结果和早期治疗方法，定义为当心室扩张超过 Levene 指数的第 97 个百分位时小于 4 毫米时的干预。方法 我们对 12 名患有 IVH 和早期干预的婴儿进行了回顾性病例系列研究，使用 Bayley-III 量表在矫正年龄 18 个月后评估了他们的神经发育。集中趋势和皮尔逊相关性的测量被用于数据分析。结果 在 15 个月的时间里，12 名患者被诊断出患有 IVH 并接受了早期干预。诊断时，2 名患者为 II 级 IVH，7 名患者为 III 级，3 名患者为 IVH。帽状腱膜下分流术是第一次干预。9 (75 %) 最终需要进行脑室腹腔分流术。共有 9 名 (75 %) 患者的认知评分正常，7 名 (58.3 %) 为语言组合，8 名 (66.7 %) 为运动组合。6 (50 %) 名患者在所有复合材料中得分正常。平均分数报告正常结果（CC：98.33 ± 22.59；LC：98.25 ± 23.93；MC：88.58 ± 21.47）。产前类固醇与 LC 评分之间存在显着相关性 (p = 0.044)。结论 有一半的 PHH 和早期神经外科干预患者在所有三个方面的神经发育评分平均或高于平均水平。