At odds with conventional chemotherapeutics, targeted anticancer agents are designed to inhibit precise molecular alterations that support oncogenesis or tumor progression. Despite such an elevated degree of molecular specificity, many clinically employed and experimental targeted anticancer agents also mediate immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive effects that (at least in some settings) influence therapeutic efficacy. Here, we discuss the main immunomodulatory effects of targeted anticancer agents and explore potential avenues to harness them in support of superior clinical efficacy.

中文翻译：

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靶向抗癌药物的免疫调节

与传统的化疗药物不同，靶向抗癌药物旨在抑制支持肿瘤发生或肿瘤进展的精确分子改变。尽管分子特异性程度如此高，但许多临床使用和实验的靶向抗癌药物也介导了影响治疗效果的免疫刺激或免疫抑制作用（至少在某些情况下）。在这里，我们讨论了靶向抗癌药物的主要免疫调节作用，并探索利用它们支持卓越临床疗效的潜在途径。