Abstract

The effects of inclusion of powdered seeds of black cumin (B) (Nigella sativa L.) and fenugreek (F) (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) on productive traits, selected blood constituents, microbiota and immunity of broilers were studied. A total of 648 day-old chicks were randomly assigned to nine treatments, with four pen replicates, each with 18 birds, including three levels of B seed powder (BSP; 0, 5 or 10 g/kg) and three levels of F seed powder (FSP; 0, 5 or 10 g/kg) in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Neither powder affected feed intake. The FSP increased (p = 0.048) feed conversion ratio (FCR), but decreased daily BW gain (p = 0.02) between days 0 and 21, while BSP increased daily gain between days 22 and 42 and overall (both p = 0.005). Abdominal fat was decreased (p = 0.003) by BSP. Blood constituents were unaffected by either powder, but ileal Escherichia coli were decreased (p = 0.039) at day 42. The BSP increased a range of immunological titers, where BSP affected positively the measured variables. The interactions between BSP and FSP, specifically on broiler carcass cuts, suggested that where BSP is included at 10 g/kg, the inclusion of FSP at the same level may provide no additional benefit. Thus, while either powder could be included separately, the co-inclusion of both at 10 g/kg is not recommended.

摘要

研究了添加黑孜然 (B) ( Nigella sativa L.) 和胡芦巴 (F) ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) 粉末种子对肉鸡生产性状、选择的血液成分、微生物群和免疫力的影响。总共 648 只日龄雏鸡被随机分配到 9 个处理，四个栏重复，每个处理 18 只鸡，包括三个水平的 B 种子粉（BSP；0、5 或 10 g/kg）和三个水平的 F 种子粉末（FSP；0、5 或 10 g/kg）以 3 × 3 因子排列。两种粉末都不会影响采食量。FSP 增加了 ( p  = 0.048) 饲料转化率 (FCR)，但在第 0 天和第 21 天之间降低了日增重 ( p  = 0.02)，而 BSP 在第 22 天和第 42 天之间增加了日增重以及总体（两者p  = 0.005)。BSP降低了腹部脂肪 ( p  = 0.003)。血液成分不受任何一种粉末的影响，但回肠大肠杆菌在第 42 天减少 ( p  = 0.039)。BSP 增加了一系列免疫滴度，其中 BSP 对测量变量产生积极影响。BSP 和 FSP 之间的相互作用，特别是在肉鸡胴体切割方面，表明 BSP 的含量为 10 g/kg，相同水平的 FSP 可能不会提供额外的好处。因此，虽然任何一种粉末都可以单独加入，但不建议同时加入 10 g/kg 的两种粉末。