Cellular life requires a high degree of molecular complexity and self‐organization, some of which must have originated in a prebiotic context. Here, we demonstrate how both of these features can emerge in a plausibly prebiotic system. We found that chemical gradients in simple mixtures of activated amino acids and fatty acids can lead to the formation of amyloid‐like peptide fibrils that are localized inside of a proto‐cellular compartment. In this process, the fatty acid or lipid vesicles act both as a filter, allowing the selective passage of activated amino acids, and as a barrier, blocking the diffusion of the amyloidogenic peptides that form spontaneously inside the vesicles. This synergy between two distinct building blocks of life induces a significant increase in molecular complexity and spatial order thereby providing a route for the early molecular evolution that could give rise to a living cell.

中文翻译：

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原生细胞室内的益生元肽合成和自发性淀粉样蛋白形成

细胞生命需要高度的分子复杂性和自组织性，其中某些必须起源于益生元。在这里，我们演示了这两个功能如何在合理的益生元系统中出现。我们发现，活化氨基酸和脂肪酸的简单混合物中的化学梯度会导致淀粉样肽原纤维的形成，该原纤维位于原细胞室内。在此过程中，脂肪酸或脂质囊泡既充当过滤器，允许活化的氨基酸选择性通过，又充当屏障，阻止自发形成的淀粉样肽在囊泡内部扩散。