Abstract The Rotating synthetic aperture (RSA) is one of the most promising novel imaging systems to meet the requirements of lightweight and high resolution for optical remote sensing satellites, especially in geostationary orbit. The point spread function (PSF) orientation relative to the observed scene, intentionally changes to measure all spatial frequency information available to a filled circular aperture having a diameter approximately equal to the length of the rectangular aperture. As with all precision optical systems, RSA is also subject to dynamic disturbances from the spacecraft/environment. If not accommodated properly in the measurement and synthesis process, the dynamic disturbances can result in significant image quality degradation. To quantify methods to reduce or eliminate the errors, we first analyze the on-orbit imaging mechanism of the RSA system theoretically and then represent the worst-case on-orbit imaging degradation characteristics.

中文翻译：

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新型旋转合成孔径系统成像机理及退化特性分析

摘要 旋转合成孔径（RSA）是满足光学遥感卫星特别是地球静止轨道卫星轻量化和高分辨率要求的最有前景的新型成像系统之一。相对于观察场景的点扩散函数 (PSF) 方向有意改变以测量可用于填充圆形孔径的所有空间频率信息，该圆形孔径的直径大约等于矩形孔径的长度。与所有精密光学系统一样，RSA 也受到来自航天器/环境的动态干扰。如果在测量和合成过程中没有正确适应，动态干扰会导致图像质量显着下降。量化减少或消除错误的方法，