Abstract Lycoris Herb. is valuable as a natural source of starch, broad-spectrum fungicides, and natural compounds with antimicrobial, anticancer and is an antiviral abilities, and for ornamental and urban landscaping plant. The unlimited massive exploitation of Lycoris bulbs has led to a considerable threat to its wild resources and natural habitats. In this study, an efficient protocol for clonal bulblet regeneration of Lycoris sprengeri via seed explants was developed for resource protection and to satisfy the needs of the pharmaceutical and ornamental industries. Contamination-free probulbs were obtained at a rate of approximately 88.7% by using a combination of treatment with HgCl2 for 10 min and NaClO for 5 min to achieve surface sterilization. The endophytic community profiling of seed explants provided a comprehensive overview of changes in the Lycoris endophytes before and after effective surface sterilization. Additionally, the survival of the majority of endophytes without causing secondary contamination suggests the potential utilization of endophytes for the production of novel natural products in vitro. Well-rooted probulbs obtained from Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium containing 3% sucrose and 0.2 mg l-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were selected as secondary explants for multiplication. Cross-cutting without complete separation was superior to complete separation for bulblet multiplication. Maximum bulblet multiplication was achieved in 4.0 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 1.0 mg l-1 NAA with 3% sucrose via direct shoot organogenesis. We were able to transplant approximately 95% of the rooted regenerated bulblets in a natural field after acclimatization. Genetic stability assessment of the in vitro regenerated bulblets was performed using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and flow cytometry analysis, with no observed difference compared to seed-germinated probulbs.

中文翻译：

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石蒜的克隆球茎再生和内生群落分析，石蒜是一种具有药用和观赏价值的经济价值球茎植物

摘要石蒜草本。作为淀粉、广谱杀菌剂和具有抗菌、抗癌和抗病毒能力的天然化合物的天然来源，以及用于观赏植物和城市景观植物。石蒜鳞茎的无限制大规模开发对其野生资源和自然栖息地造成了相当大的威胁。在这项研究中，开发了一种通过种子外植体进行石蒜克隆小球再生的有效方案，以保护资源并满足制药和观赏工业的需求。通过使用 HgCl2 处理 10 分钟和 NaClO 处理 5 分钟的组合以实现表面灭菌，以大约 88.7% 的比率获得无污染问题。种子外植体的内生群落分析提供了有效表面灭菌前后石蒜内生菌变化的全面概述。此外，大多数内生菌的存活不会造成二次污染，这表明内生菌在体外生产新型天然产物的潜力。选择从含有 3% 蔗糖和 0.2 mg l-1 α-萘乙酸 (NAA) 的 Murashige 和 Skoog's (MS) 培养基中获得的根深蒂固的 probulbs 作为二次外植体进行繁殖。没有完全分离的横切在小球增殖方面优于完全分离。通过直接芽器官发生在 4.0 mg l-1 6-苄基腺嘌呤 (BA) 和 1.0 mg l-1 NAA 和 3% 蔗糖中实现了最大的小球增殖。在适应环境后，我们能够将大约 95% 的生根再生小球移植到自然田地中。使用简单序列重复 (SSR) 标记和流式细胞术分析对体外再生小球进行遗传稳定性评估，与种子发芽的小球相比没有观察到差异。