Abstract Modern human dispersal to Asia is drawing more researchers' attention as more Asian records become available in archaeology, paleoanthropology and genetics. The ecocultural range expansion model, based on ecological competition between archaic and modern humans and on a population-culture feedback loop, predicts two types of modern human range expansion, namely the first wave and the second wave. This ‘two-wave model’ has been applied to dispersal from the Levant to Europe. Here, in order to apply this model to dispersal in Asia, we modify the model to allow multiple origins of ‘high culture’, which is defined as something that increases carrying capacity and corresponds to the Early Upper Paleolithic in context of Europe. Comparing with empirical records, we suggest that the multiple-origin model explains dispersal to North Asia better than the single-origin model. As for dispersal to South-Southeast Asia and Wallacea, we propose forest or maritime adaptations as 'skills' of the model. We will discuss how empirical records can be interpreted, including pre- and post-50 ka dispersal hypotheses, if we adopt the ecocultural model.

中文翻译：

---

生态文化范围扩展模型在亚洲现代人类传播中的应用

摘要 随着考古学、古人类学和遗传学中越来越多的亚洲记录的出现，现代人类向亚洲的扩散正引起更多研究人员的关注。生态文化范围扩展模型基于古人类与现代人类之间的生态竞争和人口文化反馈循环，预测了现代人类范围扩展的两种类型，即第一波和第二波。这种“双波模型”已应用于从黎凡特到欧洲的传播。在这里，为了将这个模型应用于亚洲的传播，我们修改了模型以允许“高雅文化”的多重起源，它被定义为增加承载能力的东西，对应于欧洲背景下的旧石器时代晚期。与经验记录相比，我们认为多源模型比单源模型更好地解释了向北亚的扩散。至于分散到东南亚和华莱士，我们建议将森林或海洋适应作为模型的“技能”。如果我们采用生态文化模型，我们将讨论如何解释经验记录，包括 50 ka 之前和之后的传播假设。