Working memory refers to a cognitive function that provides temporary storage and manipulation of the information necessary for complex cognitive tasks. Due to its central role in general cognition, several studies have investigated the possibility that training on working memory tasks could improve not only working memory function but also increase other cognitive abilities or modulate other behaviors. This possibility is still highly controversial, with prior studies providing contradictory findings. The lack of systematic approaches and methodological shortcomings complicates this debate even more. This review highlights the impact of working memory training at different ages on humans. Finally, it demonstrates several findings about the neural substrate of training in both humans and experimental animals, including non-human primates and rodents.

工作记忆是指一种认知功能，它提供对复杂认知任务所需信息的临时存储和操作。由于其在一般认知中的核心作用，一些研究调查了工作记忆任务训练不仅可以改善工作记忆功能，还可以增加其他认知能力或调节其他行为的可能性。这种可能性仍然存在很大争议，先前的研究提供了相互矛盾的结果。缺乏系统的方法和方法论的缺陷使这场辩论更加复杂。这篇综述强调了不同年龄的工作记忆训练对人类的影响。最后，它展示了一些关于人类和实验动物训练的神经基质的发现，