Abstract

Using the method of diffusion enrichment with a nonsolvent of polymer solutions in mixed solvents, porous structures are obtained and their structural characteristics are determined. Quasi-binary state diagrams of two four-component systems were obtained. Viscosities of polymer solutions in mixed solvents were measured. The dependences of the reduced viscosity on the polymer concentration are obtained. The slopes ratio and the characteristic viscosities are determined. It is shown that the properties of structural elements ([η] and tgα) of solutions differ significantly depending on the composition of the mixed solvent, and that the positions of the regions of heterogeneity in the quasi-binary phase diagrams for the systems under study correspond to these differences. It is shown that significant differences in the sizes of pores and their proportions in the area of ​​the flat section of the structure correspond to the differences in the constitutional diagrams and the degree of nonequilibrium of the structures, which was qualitatively estimated from the value of [η]. The results indicate that the performed viscometric measurements provide useful information in studying the modification of the morphology of condensation structures by changing the composition of the mixed solvent.

中文翻译：

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三元和四元体系中高分子凝聚结构的相平衡和形态

摘要

使用在混合溶剂中用非聚合物溶液的非溶剂进行扩散富集的方法，获得了多孔结构并确定了它们的结构特征。获得了两个四组分系统的准二元状态图。测量了聚合物溶液在混合溶剂中的粘度。得到降低的粘度对聚合物浓度的依赖性。确定斜率和特性粘度。结果表明，溶液的结构元素（[η]和tgα）的性质根据混合溶剂的组成而有很大差异，并且在所研究系统的准二元相图中，非均质区域的位置对应于这些差异。结果表明，孔的大小及其在结构平坦部分区域中的比例的显着差异对应于结构图的差异和结构的不平衡程度，并根据该值进行了定性估计的[η]。结果表明，所进行的粘度测量提供了有用的信息，可用于研究通过改变混合溶剂的组成来改变缩合结构的形态。