This contribution is the first part of a two-part series which deals with proposing a new type of UHF probe to overcome problems of UHF partial discharge (PD) measurement in power transformers. In the first part, the main obstacles of using the UHF technique in power transformers including problems of installation, unfeasibility of calibration, low sensitivity, etc. are addressed. Moreover, a new type of UHF sensor called the “Turret-Electrode” antenna is presented to deal with the above obstacles. In the new antenna, the transformer turrets employed as the housing of open waveguide antenna (horn antenna with zero flare angle), while an electrode inside of the turret is designed to capture the electromagnetic (EM) waves produced by the PD signals inside of the transformer tank. The significant characteristics of the proposed antenna are investigated in detail and a prototype of the antenna is investigated via practical measurements. The results show the antenna parameters are quite appropriate for online PD measurement. The second part of the paper shows how the proposed antenna can resolve the problems pertaining to the UHF PD measurement in power transformers.

中文翻译：

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用于电力变压器中 UHF PD 测量的转塔电极天线 - 第一部分：介绍和设计

该贡献是两部分系列文章的第一部分，该系列文章涉及提出一种新型 UHF 探头，以克服电力变压器中 UHF 局部放电 (PD) 测量的问题。第一部分解决了在电力变压器中使用UHF技术的主要障碍，包括安装问题、校准不可行、灵敏度低等。此外，还提出了一种称为“炮塔电极”天线的新型超高频传感器来应对上述障碍。在新天线中，变压器炮塔用作开放式波导天线（零张角喇叭天线）的外壳，而炮塔内部的电极设计用于捕获由内部 PD 信号产生的电磁（EM）波。变压器油箱。详细研究了所提出天线的重要特性，并通过实际测量研究了天线的原型。结果表明天线参数非常适合在线局部放电测量。论文的第二部分展示了建议的天线如何解决与电力变压器中 UHF PD 测量有关的问题。