Ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs), ESPEcially class A GFCIs, have been instrumental in reducing electrocution. A trinational North American standard governs the testing and certification requirements for class A GFCIs in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. However, the standard governing the requirements for special-purpose GFCIs (SPGFCIs), which include GFCI classes C, D, and E, is defined only in the United States. On the other hand, installation requirements for GFCIs in Canada and the United States are defined in Part I of the Canadian Electrical Code (CEC) and National Electrical Code (NEC), respectively. The certification and installation requirements for GFCIs have evolved through time. This article covers their development. The physiological effect of current, the theory of operation, and various types of GFCIs are explained. Finally, GFCI application issues and the effect of frequency on the operation of GFCIs are discussed.

中文翻译：

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接地故障断路器：标准视角

接地故障断路器 (GFCI)，尤其是 A 级 GFCI，在减少触电方面发挥了重要作用。北美三国标准管理着加拿大、美国和墨西哥的 A 级 GFCI 的测试和认证要求。但是，管理特殊用途 GFCI (SPGFCI) 要求的标准仅在美国定义，其中包括 GFCI 类别 C、D 和 E。另一方面，加拿大和美国的 GFCI 安装要求分别在加拿大电气规范 (CEC) 和国家电气规范 (NEC) 第 I 部分中定义。GFCI 的认证和安装要求随着时间的推移而发展。本文介绍了他们的发展。解释了电流的生理效应、操作理论和各种类型的 GFCI。