In this work, we have investigated the linear and nonlinear propagation of ion-acoustic solitary waves in a collisional plasma composed of isothermal warm ions and a population of nonthermal electrons generated from the Kappa, Tsallis, and Cairns distribution. The effects of ionization, ion loss, and ion-neutral collision on ion-acoustic waves are also considered here. The standard reductive perturbation theory has been used to study the small but finite amplitude solitons. It is found that the nonlinear dynamics of the considered system are governed by the damped Korteweg-de Vries (dK-dV) equation. The solution of the damped K-dV equation is analyzed numerically. The effects of the nonthermal parameters, namely $\kappa$, $\text{q}$, and $\alpha$ on the ion-acoustic wave structures are discussed. Moreover, the effects ionization, ion loss, and ion-neutral collisions on solitary wave structures are also investigated here. It is shown that ionization effects lead to the growth of the IA solitons whereas collisions reduce this growth rate.

在这项工作中，我们研究了离子声孤立波在由等温暖离子和由 Kappa、Tsallis 和 Cairns 分布产生的一组非热电子组成的碰撞等离子体中的线性和非线性传播。这里还考虑了电离、离子损失和离子中性碰撞对离子声波的影响。标准的还原微扰理论已被用于研究小但幅度有限的孤子。发现所考虑系统的非线性动力学由阻尼 Korteweg-de Vries (dK-dV) 方程控制。对阻尼K-dV方程的解进行了数值分析。非热参数的影响，即$\kappa$,$\text{q}$， 和$\alpha$对离子声波结构进行了讨论。此外，本文还研究了电离、离子损失和离子中性碰撞对孤立波结构的影响。结果表明，电离效应导致 IA 孤子的生长，而碰撞降低了这种生长速率。