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Collapse of the Last Eurasian Ice Sheet in the North Sea Modulated by Combined Processes of Ice Flow, Surface Melt, and Marine Ice Sheet Instabilities
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jf005755
Niall Gandy 1 , Lauren J. Gregoire 1 , Jeremy C. Ely 2 , Stephen L. Cornford 3 , Christopher D. Clark 2 , David M. Hodgson 1
Affiliation  

The record of the confluence and collapse of the British‐Irish Ice Sheet and the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet is obscured by the North Sea, hindering reconstructions of the glacial dynamics of this sector of the Eurasian Ice Sheet complex during the last glacial cycle. Previous numerical simulations of the deglaciation of the North Sea have also struggled to capture the confluence and separation of the British‐Irish and Fennoscandian Ice Sheets. We ran an ensemble of 70 experiments simulating the deglaciation of the North Sea between 23 and 18 ka BP using the BISICLES ice sheet model. A novel suite of quantitative model‐data comparison tools was used to identify plausible simulations of deglaciation that match empirical data for ice flow, margin position, and retreat ages, allowing comparisons to large amounts of empirical data. In ensemble members that best match the empirical data, the North Sea deglaciates through the collapse of the marine‐based Norwegian Channel Ice Stream, unzipping the confluence between the British‐Irish Ice Sheet and the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. Thinning of the Norwegian Channel Ice Stream causes surface temperature feedbacks, rapid grounding line retreat, and ice stream acceleration, further driving separation of the British‐Irish and the Fennoscandian Ice Sheets. These simulations of the North Sea deglaciation conform with the majority of empirical evidence, and therefore provide physically plausible insights that are consistent with reconstructions based on the empirical evidence, and permit a quantitative comparison between model and data.

中文翻译:

冰流,地表融化和海洋冰盖不稳定性综合过程调节的北海最后一个欧亚冰盖的崩塌

北爱尔兰掩盖了英爱尔兰冰原和芬诺斯堪的亚冰原汇合和坍塌的记录,这阻碍了在上一个冰川周期中对欧亚冰原复杂地区这一冰川动力的重建。以前关于北海冰消作用的数值模拟也很难捕捉到英-爱尔兰和芬诺斯堪的亚冰盖的汇合和分离。我们使用BISICLES冰盖模型进行了70个实验的合奏,模拟了23至18 ka BP之间北海的冰消作用。一种新颖的定量模型数据比较工具套件用于识别与冰流,边缘位置和退缩年龄的经验数据相匹配的冰消冰川模拟,从而可以与大量经验数据进行比较。在与经验数据最匹配的集合成员中,北海在以挪威为基础的挪威海峡冰河崩塌的过程中发生冰崩,解开了英爱尔兰冰原与芬诺斯堪的亚冰原之间的汇合。挪威海峡冰流的变薄导致地表温度反馈,接地线快速后退以及冰流加速,进一步推动了英爱尔兰冰与芬诺斯堪的亚冰盖的分离。这些对北海冰消作用的模拟符合大多数经验证据,因此提供了与根据经验证据进行的重建相符的物理上合理的见解,并允许在模型和数据之间进行定量比较。北海通过基于挪威的海峡冰河的崩塌使冰川消融,拉开了英爱尔兰冰原与芬诺斯堪的亚冰原之间的汇合。挪威海峡冰流的变薄导致地表温度反馈,接地线快速后退以及冰流加速,进一步推动了英爱尔兰冰与芬诺斯堪的亚冰盖的分离。这些对北海冰消作用的模拟符合大多数经验证据,因此提供了与根据经验证据进行的重建相符的物理上合理的见解,并允许在模型和数据之间进行定量比较。北海通过基于挪威的海峡冰河的崩塌使冰川消融,拉开了英爱尔兰冰原与芬诺斯堪的亚冰原之间的汇合。挪威海峡冰流的变薄导致地表温度反馈,接地线快速后退以及冰流加速,进一步推动了英爱尔兰冰与芬诺斯堪的亚冰盖的分离。这些对北海冰消作用的模拟符合大多数经验证据,因此提供了与根据经验证据进行的重建相符的物理上合理的见解,并允许在模型和数据之间进行定量比较。挪威海峡冰流的变薄导致地表温度反馈,接地线快速后退以及冰流加速,进一步推动了英爱尔兰冰与芬诺斯堪的亚冰盖的分离。这些对北海冰消作用的模拟符合大多数经验证据,因此提供了与根据经验证据进行的重建相符的物理上合理的见解,并允许在模型和数据之间进行定量比较。挪威海峡冰流的变薄导致地表温度反馈,接地线快速后退以及冰流加速,进一步推动了英爱尔兰冰与芬诺斯堪的亚冰盖的分离。这些对北海冰消作用的模拟符合大多数经验证据,因此提供了与根据经验证据进行的重建相符的物理上合理的见解,并允许在模型和数据之间进行定量比较。
更新日期:2020-12-14
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