Abstract

Using the method of numerical experiment, the possibility of arranging steady-state self-sustaining processes for softening and desalinating salty water has been studied with use of two-component model solutions containing calcium and sodium ions as an example. In such processes, water softened by ion exchange is subjected to desalination, and the brine formed in this process—without any additional chemicals—is used to regenerate the cation-exchange resin in repeated sorption–desorption cycles. Interest in self-sustaining processes is associated with new technological capabilities for creating a new generation of water-treatment systems, for example, mobile independent units or systems with high degrees of freshwater extraction and brine concentration. The basic foundations of self-sustaining processes are discussed. The ion-exchange dynamics is calculated for many dozens of successive softening–desalination cycles under conditions of varying parameters, such as the ratio of components in the initial solution, the degree of mineralization of such solutions, the degree of concentration of brines, and the composition of desalinated water. The conditions under which the steady-state regimes are formed or not achieved are found.

中文翻译：

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水软化和脱盐的自我维持过程：简单的两组分系统

摘要

使用数值实验的方法，以含有钙和钠离子的两组分模型溶液为例，研究了设置稳态自我维持过程以软化和淡化盐水的可能性。在这种方法中，将通过离子交换软化的水进行脱盐处理，并将在此过程中形成的盐水（不添加任何其他化学物质）用于在重复的吸附-解吸循环中再生阳离子交换树脂。对自我维持过程的兴趣与创建新一代水处理系统的新技术能力相关，例如，移动式独立装置或淡水提取率高且盐水浓度高的系统。讨论了自我维持过程的基本基础。在变化的参数条件下，对于许多连续的软化-脱盐循环，计算离子交换动力学，例如初始溶液中各组分的比例，此类溶液的矿化度，盐水的浓度以及淡化水的组成。找到形成或未达到稳态状态的条件。