ABSTRACT

The dissolution behavior of Co, Ni, and Cu and the metallic mixture in acid solutions like HCl, H₂SO₄, CH₃SO₃H, and CH₃COOH and their mixture with H₂O₂ was investigated. The effect of parameters such as acid and H₂O₂ concentration, pulp density, reaction temperature, and time on the dissolution of metals was studied. The CH₃SO₃H-H₂O₂ system showed highly selective leaching ability for Co over Ni and Cu from their metallic mixtures at low temperature. Under the optimum condition, Co can be selectively dissolved over Ni and Cu within 30 min at 20°C with 95.0% purity. Ni from the residues was selectively leached over Cu by either H₂SO₄ solution or the mixture of H₂SO₄ and H₂O₂ with above 99.9 and 95.6% purity in either method. A process has been proposed for the separation of the three metals by selective leaching from metallic alloys. This process shows some economic and environmental advantages such as significant decrease in the consumption of acids, reaction temperature, and time. Separation of metals by selective leaching resulted in solutions with high purity and obviation of the subsequent separation steps, which has a favorable effect on the process economics and environment. Thus, the process can be applied to the real operation.

摘要

研究了Co、Ni、Cu和金属混合物在HCl、H ₂ SO ₄、CH ₃ SO ₃ H、CH ₃ COOH及其与H ₂ O ₂的混合物中的溶解行为。研究了酸和H ₂ O ₂浓度、矿浆密度、反应温度和时间等参数对金属溶解的影响。CH ₃ SO ₃ H-H ₂ O ₂体系在低温下从它们的金属混合物中显示出对 Co 比 Ni 和 Cu 的高选择性浸出能力。在最佳条件下，Co可在20℃下30 min内选择性溶解在Ni和Cu上，纯度为95.0%。通过 H ₂ SO ₄溶液或 H ₂ SO ₄和 H ₂ O _{2的混合物选择性地从残余物中浸出 Ni}任何一种方法的纯度都在 99.9% 和 95.6% 以上。已经提出了一种通过从金属合金中选择性浸出来分离三种金属的方法。该方法显示出一些经济和环境优势，例如显着降低酸的消耗、反应温度和时间。通过选择性浸出分离金属产生了高纯度的溶液，并且避免了后续的分离步骤，这对工艺经济和环境具有有利的影响。因此，该过程可以应用于实际操作。