This article presents a new deep convective parameterization that determines cloud characteristics based on a specified cloud size distribution. The vertical profiles of cloud properties are determined by analytic equations, which formulate entrainment with an inverse relationship to cloud width. In line with recent studies of large eddy simulations (LES), cloud widths are assumed to be constant with height and vertical mass flux (M) characteristics of the clouds are therefore regulated by the vertical velocity profile. The parameterization is configured to work with existing cloud base M closure formulations, with the closure predicting the total cloud area rather than the cloud base M directly. Analytic formula are also used to connect the vertical wind shear magnitude to the cloud size distribution, wherein larger shear magnitudes result in more numerous large updrafts than weaker shear magnitudes, which is in line with recent research results. The parameterization is compared against 10 deep convective LES with varying thermodynamic and vertical wind shear profiles. Results show dramatic improvements in the prediction of normalized M, detrainment, and the properties of detrained air over the existing Zhang and McFarlane (1995) scheme. In particular, the new model is able to correctly portray the transition from a bottom‐heavy M profile in weakly sheared environments, to a top‐heavy M profile in strongly sheared environments.

中文翻译：

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改善深对流参数化中上升气流动力学的物理基础

本文介绍了一种新的深度对流参数化，该参数化可根据指定的云大小分布确定云特征。云的垂直剖面由解析方程确定，解析方程以与云宽度成反比的关系表示夹带。与最近对大涡模拟（LES）的研究一致，假定云的宽度随高度恒定，因此云的垂直质量通量（M）特性由垂直速度分布图调节。参数化配置为与现有的基于云的M闭包公式配合使用，闭包可预测总云面积而不是基于云的M包直接地。还使用解析公式将垂直风切变强度与云大小分布联系起来，其中更大的切变强度导致更大的大上升气流而不是更弱的切变强度，这与最近的研究结果一致。将参数设置与具有不同热力学和垂直风切变曲线的10个深对流LES进行比较。结果表明，在现有的Zhang和McFarlane（1995）方案的基础上，对归一化M值，脱气和脱气空气特性的预测有了显着改善。特别是，新模型能够正确刻画从弱剪切环境中的底部重M轮廓到强剪切环境中的顶部重M轮廓的过渡。