Bacillus spp. play important roles in production of bioactive natural products with potential agricultural and medical applications. The three families of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus spp. have been most recognized for their antagonistic activity against other microbes, i.e. fengycin, iturin, and surfactin. A novel strain NST6 was isolated from soil and identified as B. velezensis based on phylogenomic analysis. Genome analysis revealed 21 putative biosynthetic gene clusters including the ones responsible for producing bacillomycin and surfactin. However, fengycin cluster was compromised with absence or partial disruption of three non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. Distribution of biosynthetic gene clusters showed that clusters for iturin families were well conserved in 327 genomes of the species belonging to the operational group B. amyloliquefaciens. However, clusters for fengycin and surfactin showed dynamic distribution at gene level. Comparative analysis of closely related species would provide new insights to the diversity in genetic elements for secondary metabolites.

芽孢杆菌属 在具有潜在农业和医疗应用的生物活性天然产品的生产中发挥重要作用。芽孢杆菌产生的三个脂肽家族。最为人所知的是它们对其他微生物的拮抗活性，即风菌素、伊图林和表面活性素。从土壤中分离出一株新菌株 NST6 并鉴定为B. velezensis基于系统发育分析。基因组分析揭示了 21 个推定的生物合成基因簇，包括负责产生杆菌霉素和表面活性素的基因簇。然而，由于三种非核糖体肽合成酶的缺失或部分破坏，风菌素簇受到损害。生物合成基因簇的分布表明，伊图林家族的簇在属于操作组B. amyloliquefaciens的 327 个基因组中得到了很好的保护。然而，fengycin 和 surfactin 的簇在基因水平上表现出动态分布。密切相关物种的比较分析将为次生代谢物遗传元素的多样性提供新的见解。