Black soybean seed (BSS) is a traditional edible and medical food. The cotyledons of BSS are either yellow or green, but that difference's effect on functional and bioactivities are not clear. In the present study, the concentrations of the main functional components, including anthocyanins, isoflavones, fatty acids, protein, and polysaccharides, and in vitro antioxidant activities of yellow-cotyledon and green-cotyledon BSS (YBS and GBS, respectively) were compared. The anti-fatigue activities of the ethanol extract of BSS (EEB) were evaluated using mouse swimming endurance tests. Additionally, a metabolomics comparison between YBS and GBS was done using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS) on high doses of EEB-treated mouse plasma. The results indicated that YBS showed significantly higher contents of anthocyanin and protein, and stronger antioxidant activity and anti-fatigue activity than GBS; while GBS showed higher levels of isoflavone, stearic acid, and polysaccharide. By infusing the feed with EEB, the swimming time of mice increased in a dose-dependent manner. The metabolomics results suggested that the anti-fatigue effect of EEB correlated well with serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis in vivo. All of the above results showed that BSS has anti-fatigue potential and might be used as a potential source of functional food ingredients.

黑大豆种子（BSS）是一种传统的食用和医疗食品。BSS的子叶为黄色或绿色，但是这种差异对功能和生物活性的影响尚不清楚。在本研究中，主要功能成分的浓度，包括花色苷，异黄酮，脂肪酸，蛋白质和多糖，以及体外比较了黄色子叶和绿色子叶BSS（分别为YBS和GBS）的抗氧化活性。使用小鼠游泳耐力测试评估BSS（EEB）乙醇提取物的抗疲劳活性。另外，使用超高效液相色谱结合四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC / Q-TOF MS）对高剂量EEB处理的小鼠血浆进行了YBS和GBS之间的代谢组学比较。结果表明，YBS的花色苷和蛋白质含量明显高于GBS；抗氧化和抗疲劳活性明显高于GBS。而GBS则显示出较高的异黄酮，硬脂酸和多糖含量。通过在饲料中注入EEB，小鼠的游泳时间以剂量依赖性方式增加。体内。以上所有结果表明，BSS具有抗疲劳的潜力，可以用作功能性食品成分的潜在来源。