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Management effects on glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in the PM10 emitted by soils of the central semi-arid region of Argentina
Aeolian Research ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2020.100658
Nancy B. Ramirez Haberkon , Silvia B. Aimar , Virginia C. Aparicio , Daniel E. Buschiazzo , Eduardo De Gerónimo , José L. Costa , Mariano J. Mendez

In soils of semi-arid regions, different amounts of glyphosate are applied, and this substance tends to be absorbed on the topsoil exposed to erosion. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of land management on the concentration of glyphosate and AMPA in the respirable dust emitted by soils in the central semi-arid region of Argentina. Soil samples were collected from nine agricultural soils under no-tillage with genetically modified Annual crops (AG), five agricultural soils under conventional tillage with annual crops (non-glyphosate-resistant) (AFG), and two permanent grasses (PG) with no-tillage and no glyphosate application in the last 30 years. The particulate matter finer than 10 µm in diameter (PM10) was generated and collected from each soil by means of an electrostatic dust sampler. Glyphosate and AMPA were analyzed in the soils and PM10. The percentage of detection (number of samples with glyphosate/AMPA over the total number of samples analyzed) was calculated. AG had the highest glyphosate and AMPA percentage of detection, in both, soil and PM10 (100% in all cases). Similar results were found for AFG, except for glyphosate in soil, where the percentage of detection was 80%. In PG, no glyphosate was detected in soil but it was detected in 83% of the PM10 samples. AMPA was detected in 67% and 100% of soil and PM10 samples, respectively. The detection in PG suggests the entry of glyphosate and AMPA from other sites. The contents of glyphosate and AMPA in soil and PM10 were greater in AG than in AFG and PG. In soil, the content of glyphosate was 69 µg kg−1 in AG and 5 µg kg−1 in AFG. In PM10, the content of glyphosate was 224 µg kg−1 in AG, 25 µg kg−1 in AFG, and 35 µg kg−1 in PG. AMPA showed a similar behavior to glyphosate in both soil and PM10. The greater use of glyphosate in AG increases the concentration of glyphosate and AMPA in soil and PM10. It determines an increase in environmental risk when wind erosion events occur in AG. In all management systems analyzed, AMPA content was greater than glyphosate content, and glyphosate and AMPA contents in PM10 were higher than those in soil. This result shows the potential risk posed by PM10 emitted from agricultural soil to human health and the environment. To our knowledge, this is the first study that shows how land management affects the occurrence and concentration of glyphosate and AMPA in PM10.



中文翻译:

阿根廷中部半干旱地区土壤对PM10中草甘膦和AMPA浓度的管理影响

在半干旱地区的土壤中,施用了不同量的草甘膦,该物质倾向于在暴露于侵蚀的表土上吸收。这项研究的目的是分析土地管理对阿根廷中部半干旱地区土壤散发出的可吸入粉尘中草甘膦和AMPA浓度的影响。从9种未耕作的转基因一年生作物(AG)的农业土壤,5种常规耕作的一年生作物(非草甘膦抗性)(AFG)的耕作土壤和2种不耕作的永久性草(PG)收集土壤样品-在过去30年中没有耕作,也没有草甘膦施用。产生直径小于10 µm的颗粒物(PM10),并通过静电灰尘采样器从每种土壤中收集。在土壤和PM10中分析了草甘膦和AMPA。计算检测百分比(含草甘膦/ AMPA的样品数占所分析样品总数的百分比)。在土壤和PM10中,AG的草甘膦和AMPA检出率最高(所有情况下均为100%)。除草甘膦在土壤中的检测百分比为80%外,AFG的结果相似。在PG中,在土壤中未检测到草甘膦,但在83%的PM10样品中检测到草甘膦。在67%和100%的土壤和PM10样品中分别检测到AMPA。PG中的检测表明草甘膦和AMPA从其他部位进入。AG中土壤和PM10中的草甘膦和AMPA含量高于AFG和PG。在土壤中,草甘膦的含量为69 µg kg 计算检测百分比(含草甘膦/ AMPA的样品数占所分析样品总数的百分比)。在土壤和PM10中,AG的草甘膦和AMPA检出率最高(所有情况下均为100%)。除草甘膦在土壤中的检测百分比为80%外,AFG的结果相似。在PG中,在土壤中未检测到草甘膦,但在83%的PM10样品中检测到草甘膦。在67%和100%的土壤和PM10样品中分别检测到AMPA。PG中的检测表明草甘膦和AMPA从其他部位进入。AG中土壤和PM10中的草甘膦和AMPA含量高于AFG和PG。在土壤中,草甘膦的含量为69 µg kg 计算检测百分比(含草甘膦/ AMPA的样品数占所分析样品总数的百分比)。在土壤和PM10中,AG的草甘膦和AMPA检出率最高(所有情况下均为100%)。除草甘膦在土壤中的检测百分比为80%外,AFG的结果相似。在PG中,在土壤中未检测到草甘膦,但在83%的PM10样品中检测到草甘膦。在67%和100%的土壤和PM10样品中分别检测到AMPA。PG中的检测表明草甘膦和AMPA从其他部位进入。AG中土壤和PM10中的草甘膦和AMPA含量高于AFG和PG。在土壤中,草甘膦的含量为69 µg kg 在土壤和PM10中,AG的草甘膦和AMPA检出率最高(所有情况下均为100%)。除草甘膦在土壤中的检测百分比为80%外,AFG的结果相似。在PG中,在土壤中未检测到草甘膦,但在83%的PM10样品中检测到草甘膦。在67%和100%的土壤和PM10样品中分别检测到AMPA。PG中的检测表明草甘膦和AMPA从其他部位进入。AG中土壤和PM10中的草甘膦和AMPA含量高于AFG和PG。在土壤中,草甘膦的含量为69 µg kg 在土壤和PM10中,AG的草甘膦和AMPA检出率最高(所有情况下均为100%)。除草甘膦在土壤中的检测百分比为80%外,AFG的结果相似。在PG中,在土壤中未检测到草甘膦,但在83%的PM10样品中检测到草甘膦。在67%和100%的土壤和PM10样品中分别检测到AMPA。PG中的检测表明草甘膦和AMPA从其他部位进入。AG中土壤和PM10中的草甘膦和AMPA含量高于AFG和PG。在土壤中,草甘膦的含量为69 µg kg 在67%和100%的土壤和PM10样品中分别检测到AMPA。PG中的检测表明草甘膦和AMPA从其他部位进入。AG中土壤和PM10中的草甘膦和AMPA含量高于AFG和PG。在土壤中,草甘膦的含量为69 µg kg 在67%和100%的土壤和PM10样品中分别检测到AMPA。PG中的检测表明草甘膦和AMPA从其他部位进入。AG中土壤和PM10中的草甘膦和AMPA含量高于AFG和PG。在土壤中,草甘膦的含量为69 µg kg-1在AG和5μg千克-1在AFG。在PM10中,草甘膦的含量在AG中为224 µg kg -1,在AFG中为25 µg kg -1,以及35 µg kg -1在PG中。AMPA在土壤和PM10中均表现出与草甘膦相似的行为。在AG中大量使用草甘膦会增加土壤和PM10中草甘膦和AMPA的浓度。当AG中发生风蚀事件时,它确定环境风险的增加。在所有分析的管理系统中,AMPA含量均高于草甘膦含量,而PM10中的草甘膦和AMPA含量高于土壤中的含量。该结果表明从农业土壤中排放的PM10对人类健康和环境构成的潜在风险。据我们所知,这是第一项显示土地管理如何影响PM10中草甘膦和AMPA的发生和浓度的研究。

更新日期:2020-12-14
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