Fog computing promises to extend cloud computing to match emerging demands for low latency, location-awareness and dynamic computation. It thus brings data processing close to the edge of the network by leveraging on devices with different computational characteristics. However, the heterogeneity, the geographical distribution, and the data-intensive profiles of IoT deployments render the placement of fog applications a fundamental problem to guarantee target performance figures. This is a core challenge for fog computing providers to offer fog infrastructure as a service, while satisfying the requirements of this new class of microservices-based applications. In this article we root our analysis on the throughput requirements of the applications while exploiting offloading towards different regions. The resulting resource allocation problem is developed for a fog-native application architecture based on containerised microservice modules. An algorithmic solution is designed to optimise the placement of applications modules either in cloud or in fog. Finally, the overall solution consists of two cascaded algorithms. The first one performs a throughput-oriented partitioning of fog application modules. The second one rules the orchestration of applications over a region-based infrastructure. Extensive numerical experiments validate the performance of the overall scheme and confirm that it outperforms state-of-the-art solutions adapted to our context.

中文翻译：

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雾计算中应用程序的吞吐量感知分区和放置

雾计算有望扩展云计算，以满足对低延迟、位置感知和动态计算的新兴需求。因此，它通过利用具有不同计算特性的设备，使数据处理更接近网络边缘。然而，物联网部署的异构性、地理分布和数据密集型配置文件使雾应用程序的放置成为保证目标性能数据的基本问题。这是雾计算提供商提供雾基础设施即服务的核心挑战，同时满足这类基于微服务的新应用程序的要求。在本文中，我们将分析基于应用程序的吞吐量要求，同时利用向不同区域进行卸载。由此产生的资源分配问题是为基于容器化微服务模块的雾原生应用程序架构开发的。算法解决方案旨在优化应用程序模块在云中或雾中的放置。最后，整体解决方案由两个级联算法组成。第一个执行面向吞吐量的雾应用程序模块分区。第二个规则在基于区域的基础设施上管理应用程序的编排。大量的数值实验验证了整体方案的性能，并确认它优于适合我们环境的最先进的解决方案。算法解决方案旨在优化应用程序模块在云中或雾中的放置。最后，整体解决方案由两个级联算法组成。第一个执行面向吞吐量的雾应用程序模块分区。第二个规则在基于区域的基础设施上管理应用程序的编排。大量的数值实验验证了整体方案的性能，并确认它优于适合我们环境的最先进的解决方案。算法解决方案旨在优化应用程序模块在云中或雾中的放置。最后，整体解决方案由两个级联算法组成。第一个执行面向吞吐量的雾应用程序模块分区。第二个规则在基于区域的基础设施上管理应用程序的编排。大量的数值实验验证了整体方案的性能，并确认它优于适合我们环境的最先进的解决方案。