ABSTRACT

Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Sm.) Sacc. is the main causal agent of wheat crown rot in Algeria, which affects the yield and seed quality due to the presence of mycotoxins. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma atroviride (Ta.13) P. Karsten on the antioxidant enzymes activities (peroxidase and catalase), as well as on phenolic and protein content of three wheat varieties, compared to uninoculated controls. The data showed that T. atroviride induced systemically higher levels of these factors. In general, maximum induction was recorded in the Waha variety, followed by Ain Abid, when plants were co-inoculated by both Ta.13 and F. culmorum versus F. culmorum only. At the same time, lowest levels of these factors occurred in the Vitron variety. The highest accumulation of phenols in basal areas of the wheat plant occurred in the Waha variety, with an increase of up to 1400% compared to the control, and, also in Waha, there was the greatest increase of peroxidase activity in the foliar tissues, up to 282% of the control. Protein content in Waha in the plant collars increased 66% in co-treated plants. On the other hand, the highest increases in catalase activity were detected in the basal stem and leaves of Ain Abid variety co-inoculated with Ta.13 and F. culmorum, with 641% and 788% increases in these tissues, respectively. Our results show that there are variety-dependant physiological changes exhibited by the wheat plant during interaction with the pathogen and the antagonist.

摘要

镰刀菌（WG Sm。）霉菌毒素是阿尔及利亚小麦冠腐病的主要病因，由于存在霉菌毒素，会影响产量和种子质量。在本研究中，我们评估了生防菌木霉木霉（Ta.13）P. Karsten对未接种小麦的抗氧化酶活性（过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶）以及三个小麦品种的酚和蛋白质含量的影响控件。数据显示，阿托韦韦螺旋杆菌全身诱导这些因子的水平升高。通常，当Ta.13和F. culmorum与F. culmorum共同接种植物时，在Waha品种中记录到最大诱导，其次是Ain Abid 。只要。同时，Vitron品种中这些因子的含量最低。Waha品种的小麦基部酚含量最高，与对照相比增加了1400％，而且在Waha中，叶面组织中的过氧化物酶活性也最大，达到对照组的282％。共同处理过的植物中，Waha中植物项圈中的蛋白质含量增加了66％。另一方面，与Ta.13和F. culmorum一起接种的Ain Abid品种的基础茎和叶中发现过氧化氢酶活性最高，在这些组织中分别增加了641％和788％。我们的结果表明，在与病原体和拮抗剂相互作用的过程中，小麦植物表现出多种依赖于生理的变化。