Stress transfer and redistribution always accompany with the evolution of landslides. However, previous literature studies have mainly focused on stages of stress variation, and far too little attention has been paid to detailed transfer and redistribution process analysis on stress variation. In this paper, a large-scale clay model slope with masonry slide bed and prefabricated cambered slip surface was constructed. Earth pressure cells were embedded into slip mass to monitor vertical and horizontal stresses in different parts of the test soils under the set load sequence. Stress transfer efficiency (STE) indicators based on qualified stress monitoring datasets (tested by Shapiro-Wilk method) were established to quantify the stress transfer process. Staged development of stress inside the clay slope was analyzed through extracting slopes of stress curves and limit loads. The stress redistribution process was analyzed using STE and deflection of stress isolines derived from numerical simulation. Moreover, to study the influence of loading position on stress variation, geometry partitioning has also been discussed. Results showed that vertical and horizontal stresses had different growth trends on both sides of 80 kN and 60 kN, respectively. Horizontal stress growth has two stages; vertical stress growth has two stages in soils close to slope surface and shear outlet, while there are three stages in other soils. Vertical stress transfer efficiency (VSTE) and horizontal stress transfer efficiency (HSTE) are recommended to quantify stress transfer and redistribution process. Based on VSTEs and HSTEs, the slip mass could be partitioned into three parts: loading zone, transfer zone, and free zone. Deflecting amplitudes of stress isolines were in consistency with the results revealed by STEs.

中文翻译：

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附加载荷作用下粘土滑坡应力传递与再分布的模型试验研究

应力传递和重新分配始终伴随着滑坡的演化。然而，先前的文献研究主要集中在应力变化的阶段，而对应力变化的详细传递和重新分布过程分析的关注却很少。本文建立了具有砌体滑床和预制弯拱面的大型黏土模型边坡。将土压力单元嵌入滑移块中，以在设定的载荷序列下监视测试土壤不同部分的垂直和水平应力。建立了基于合格应力监测数据集（通过Shapiro-Wilk方法测试）的应力传递效率（STE）指标，以量化应力传递过程。通过提取应力曲线的斜率和极限载荷，分析了黏土边坡内应力的阶段性发展。使用STE分析了应力的重新分布过程，并通过数值模拟得出了应力等值线的挠度。此外，为了研究加载位置对应力变化的影响，还讨论了几何分区。结果表明，垂直应力和水平应力在80 kN和60 kN的两侧分别具有不同的增长趋势。水平应力的增长分为两个阶段。垂直应力的增长在靠近坡面和剪切出口的土壤中有两个阶段，而在其他土壤中则有三个阶段。建议使用垂直应力传递效率（VSTE）和水平应力传递效率（HSTE）来量化应力传递和重新分布过程。基于VSTE和HSTE，滑动块可分为三个部分：加载区，传递区和自由区。应力等值线的偏转幅度与STEs揭示的结果一致。