ABSTRACT

We assessed the variation of both composition and functional diversity of mammals along an elevation gradient (1600–3600 masl) at the Tabaconas Namballe National Sanctuary (TNNS) in northern Peru. Using a camera-trap design (85 stations, 8,825 camera days, ~ 317 km²), we recorded a total of 33 mammalian species during the dry season of 2016. Species-specific effects of environmental covariates based on multi-species occupancy modeling showed that only elevation had a statistically significant effect on occupancy. Also, a principal coordinate analysis and a distance-based redundancy analysis suggested that the variation in species composition is mainly explained by elevation, and moderately by both the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the distance to roads. The highlands appear to be dominated by a reduced assembly of species consisting of the montane guinea pig, the Andean fox, and the northern pudu. Functional diversity decreased with elevation, providing evidence that lowland and highland communities are functionally dissimilar. Moreover, land-use is changing rapidly in the areas surrounding the TNNS, suggesting that increased connectivity at the two extremes of the elevational gradient (the highlands and the lowlands) will ensure the long-term viability of terrestrial mammalian populations and, thus, the ecological processes in which they are involved.

摘要

我们在秘鲁北部的Tabaconas Namballe国家保护区（TNNS）沿海拔梯度（1600-3600 masl）评估了哺乳动物的组成和功能多样性的变化。使用摄像头陷阱设计（85个站，8,825个摄像天，〜317 km ²），我们在2016年的干燥季节记录了总共33种哺乳动物。基于多物种居住模型的环境协变量的物种特异性影响表明，只有海拔高度对占有率具有统计学意义。另外，主坐标分析和基于距离的冗余分析表明，物种组成的变化主要由海拔高度解释，而归一化植被指数（NDVI）和距道路的距离则中等。高地似乎是由减少的物种聚集所主导，这些物种包括山地豚鼠，安第斯狐狸和北部普渡。功能多样性随着海拔的升高而下降，这提供了低地和高地社区在功能上不同的证据。此外，