The coralline algal genus Corallinapetra is currently monospecific and was established on the species Corallinapetra novaezelandiae, known from a single collection from north-eastern New Zealand. On the basis of multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, Corallinapetra has been resolved apart from all currently recognized families and orders within the Corallinophycidae. We analyzed DNA sequence data from the holotype of Lithothamnion gabrielii, which has been considered a heterotypic synonym of L. muelleri, and an unidentified sample collected from Stewart Island in New Zealand, using psbA, rbcL, and COI-5P genes. We also observed detailed morpho-anatomical characters with light and scanning electron microscopy. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that L. gabrielii and the sample from New Zealand belonged to the same clade as Corallinapetra, distinct from other families and orders in the Corallinophycidae. Members of this clade are distinguishable from other families and orders in the Corallinophycidae by possessing sporangia that are surrounded by remnant sterile filaments that are weakly calcified in mature multiporate sporangial conceptacles that produce zonately divided tetrasporangia. Therefore, we propose that Corallinapetra be placed in its own family, Corallinapetraceae and order, Corallinapetrales, and that L. gabrielii should be assigned to Corallinapetra, as C. gabrielii, to reflect their phylogenetic relationships. We also obtained a partial rbcL sequence data from the lectotype of L. muelleri, the generitype of Lithothamnion. Comparison of the L. muelleri type sequence with L. gabrielii unambiguously demonstrated that these two species are not conspecific, and confirm the placement of L. muelleri within the Hapalidiales.

中文翻译：

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Corallinapetrales 和 Corallinapetraceae：珊瑚红藻的新目和科，包括 Corallinapetra gabrielii 梳。十一月

珊瑚藻属Corallinapetra目前是单种的，建立在Corallinapetra novaezelandiae物种上，该物种来自新西兰东北部的单一集合。在多基因系统发育分析的基础上，Corallinapetra已从Corallinophycidae内所有目前公认的科和目中分离出来。我们从模式标本分析DNA序列数据Lithothamnion gabrielii，这一直被认为是一个异型代名词L. muelleri，和斯图尔特岛在新西兰采集的样品不明，使用PSB A，RBCL 和 COI-5P 基因。我们还用光学和扫描电子显微镜观察了详细的形态解剖特征。我们的系统发育分析表明，L. gabrielii和来自新西兰的样本与Corallinapetra属于同一进化枝，与Corallinophycidae 中的其他科和目不同。该分支的成员与珊瑚藻科的其他科和目不同，其孢子囊被残余的不育细丝包围，这些细丝在成熟的多孔孢子囊概念中弱钙化，产生带状分裂的四孢子囊。因此，我们建议将Corallinapetra归入它自己的科 Corallinapetraceae 和目 Corallinapetrales，以及L. gabrielii应该归为Corallinapetra，如C. gabrielii，以反映它们的系统发育关系。我们还从L. muelleri的选型中获得了部分rbc L 序列数据，即 Lithothamnion 的属型。所述的比较L. muelleri与型序列L. gabrielii明确地证明了这两个种类都没有同种，和确认的位置L. muelleri的Hapalidiales内。