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The biomechanical characteristics of a feline distal forelimb: A finite element analysis study
Computers in Biology and Medicine ( IF 7.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104174
Meizi Wang 1 , Yang Song 2 , Julien S Baker 3 , Gusztáv Fekete 4 , Ukadike Chris Ugbolue 5 , Shudong Li 2 , Yaodong Gu 2
Affiliation  

As a typical digitigrade mammal, the uniquely designed small distal limbs of the feline support two to three times of its body weight during daily movements. To understand how force transmission occurs in relation to the distal joint in a feline limb, which transfers bodyweight to the ground, it is necessary to examine the internal stress distribution of the distal joint limb in detail. Therefore, finite element models (FEM) of a healthy feline were established to predict the internal stress distribution of the distal limb. The FEM model included 23 bony components, various cartilaginous ligaments, as well as the encapsulated soft tissue of the paw. The FEM model was validated by comparison of paw pressure distribution, obtained from an experiment for balance standing. The results demonstrated a good agreement between the experimentally measured and numerically predicted pressure distribution in the feline paw. Additionally, higher stress levels were noted in the metacarpal segment, with smaller stresses observed in the phalanges portion including the proximal, middle, and distal segments. The raised metacarpal segment plays an important role in creating a stiff junction between the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and wrist joint, stabilizing the distal limb. The paw pads help to optimize stress distribution in phalanx region. Findings from this study contribute to our understanding of feline distal forelimb biomechanical behavior. This information can be applied to bionic design of footwear since an optimal stiff junction and pressure distribution can be adapted to enhance injury relief and sports activities. Further developments may include progress, evaluation, and treatment of metatarsophalangeal joint injuries in human populations.



中文翻译:

猫远端前肢的生物力学特征:有限元分析研究

作为典型的数位哺乳动物,独特设计的猫小远肢在日常运动中支撑其体重的两到三倍。为了了解在猫肢中相对于远端关节如何发生力传递,从而将体重转移到地面,有必要详细检查远端肢体的内部应力分布。因此,建立了健康猫科动物的有限元模型(FEM)以预测远端肢体的内部应力分布。有限元模型包括23种骨成分,各种软骨韧带以及爪的包封软组织。通过比较从平衡实验获得的爪压力分布来验证FEM模型。结果表明猫爪中的实验测量值和数值预测压力分布之间有很好的一致性。另外,在掌骨节段中注意到较高的应力水平,而在包括近端,中间和远端节段的指骨部分中观察到较小的应力。升高的掌骨节段在掌指骨(MCP)与腕关节之间形成坚固的连接处,稳定远端肢体方面起着重要作用。爪垫有助于优化指骨区域的应力分布。这项研究的发现有助于我们对猫远端前肢的生物力学行为的理解。该信息可以应用于鞋类的仿生设计,因为可以调整最佳的硬结和压力分布,以增强缓解伤害和运动的能力。

更新日期:2020-12-16
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