Since the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001, structural resistance to explosion has received increasing attention. As bridges are controlling factors in traffic systems, explosion-induced bridge damage will cause great economic loss and social impact, but there is a lack of anti-explosion research for bridges. The purpose of this work was to investigate the failure modes and safety distances of cylindrical reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers on highways and urban viaducts as a result of vehicle explosion. TNT equivalents were selected to represent explosions of five different vehicles (car, sport utility vehicle/van, delivery truck, water truck and semi-trailer). The multi-Euler domain method, was adopted for structural analysis of the explosion process using the commercial software Autodyn. The results showed that RC piers have three failure modes at the base: full-section punching-shear failure and large displacement; shear failure of full-section concrete; local shear failure of concrete. The explosion energy decayed rapidly with distance. For the five vehicle explosions, the safety distances were found to be 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, 8 m and 14 m, respectively. The results of this work are meaningful for explosion-resistant design and damage assessments of existing highway cylindrical RC piers subjected to vehicle explosion.

中文翻译：

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车辆爆炸下圆柱钢筋混凝土墩的安全距离

自 2001 年 9 月 11 日恐怖袭击以来，结构抗爆性越来越受到关注。由于桥梁是交通系统的控制因素，爆炸引起的桥梁破坏会造成巨大的经济损失和社会影响，但目前还缺乏对桥梁的抗爆研究。这项工作的目的是调查由于车辆爆炸导致的高速公路和城市高架桥上的圆柱形钢筋混凝土 (RC) 桥墩的破坏模式和安全距离。选择 TNT 等效物来代表五种不同车辆（汽车、运动型多功能车/货车、送货卡车、运水卡车和半挂车）的爆炸。采用商业软件Autodyn，采用多欧拉域方法对爆炸过程进行结构分析。结果表明，钢筋混凝土墩在基部存在三种破坏模式：全断面冲剪破坏和大位移；全截面混凝土的剪切破坏；混凝土局部剪切破坏。爆炸的能量随着距离的增加而迅速衰减。对于五次车辆爆炸，安全距离分别为2 m、3 m、4 m、8 m和14 m。这项工作的结果对现有公路圆柱形钢筋混凝土桥墩在车辆爆炸下的防爆设计和损坏评估具有重要意义。