This paper uses a case study-based approach to empirically investigate the relationship between indoor environment and workplace productivity in two contrasting office environments: one naturally ventilated, the other mechanically ventilated. Environmental parameters were continuously monitored over 19 months. Transverse and longitudinal surveys recorded occupants’ perception of their working environment and self-reported productivity, while performance tasks (numerical and proofreading) measured cognitive capability as proxy for measured productivity. Indoor temperatures and CO2 concentrations were found to be higher and more variable in the naturally ventilated office. However, the correlation between occupant perception of their indoor environment and perceived productivity was stronger in the mechanically ventilated office. Occupants of the naturally ventilated office were found to be more tolerant of their environment than their counterparts in the mechanically ventilated office. Task performance was affected by indoor environmental conditions such as indoor temperature and CO2 concentration. Interestingly in the naturally ventilated office, the median scores were up to 12% higher for tests conducted at CO2 concentrations <1400 ppm, compared to those conducted above 1400 ppm, whereas in the mechanically ventilated office, this threshold was only 1000 ppm. Practical application The study showed that higher concentrations of CO2 were associated with lower task scores and longer task durations, reinforcing the need for good levels of ventilation in workspaces. It was found that occupants in NV workspaces were able to adapt to a broader range of environmental conditions. Therefore, controlling the indoor environment within narrow ranges (expending significant amounts of energy in the process) may not always be necessary to improve comfort and productivity. On the other hand, controlling indoor environment within a narrow range – as is common in MV workspaces – may be counterproductive, creating occupants who are less tolerant of small changes in their environmental conditions. The study also demonstrates occupant surveys can provide useful feedback on perceived comfort and productivity at relatively low cost. Insights from such surveys can be used to improve indoor environment in workspaces.

中文翻译：

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在自然通风和机械通风的办公室环境中研究室内环境与工作场所生产率之间的关系

本文采用基于案例研究的方法，以实证研究两种相对的办公环境中的室内环境与工作场所生产率之间的关系：一种是自然通风，另一种是机械通风。在19个月内连续监测环境参数。横向和纵向调查记录了居住者对其工作环境和自我报告的生产力的感知，而绩效任务（数字和校对）则以认知能力作为衡量生产力的指标。在自然通风的办公室中，室内温度和CO2浓度较高且变化更大。但是，在机械通风的办公室中，居住者对其室内环境的感知与感知的生产力之间的相关性更强。人们发现，自然通风办公室的人员比机械通风办公室的人员对环境的耐受性更高。任务表现受到室内环境条件（例如室内温度和CO2浓度）的影响。有趣的是，在自然通风的办公室中，与在1400 ppm以上进行的测试相比，在CO2浓度<1400 ppm时进行的测试的中位数得分高出12％，而在机械通风的办公室中，该阈值仅为1000 ppm。实际应用该研究表明，较高的CO2浓度与较低的任务分数和较长的任务持续时间有关，这增加了对工作场所良好通风水平的需求。人们发现，NV工作区中的人员能够适应更广泛的环境条件。因此，不一定总是需要将室内环境控制在狭窄范围内（在此过程中消耗大量能量），以提高舒适度和生产率。另一方面，将室内环境控制在狭窄的范围内（这在MV工作区中很常见）可能会适得其反，从而使居住者对环境条件的微小变化不那么容忍。该研究还表明，乘员调查可以以相对较低的成本提供有关感知到的舒适性和生产率的有用反馈。此类调查的见解可用于改善工作空间中的室内环境。不一定总是需要将室内环境控制在狭窄的范围内（在此过程中消耗大量能量），以提高舒适度和生产率。另一方面，将室内环境控制在狭窄的范围内（这在MV工作区中很常见）可能会适得其反，从而使居住者对环境条件的微小变化不那么容忍。该研究还表明，乘员调查可以以相对较低的成本提供有关感知到的舒适性和生产率的有用反馈。此类调查的见解可用于改善工作空间中的室内环境。不一定总是需要将室内环境控制在狭窄的范围内（在此过程中消耗大量能量），以提高舒适度和生产率。另一方面，将室内环境控制在狭窄的范围内（这在MV工作区中很常见）可能会适得其反，从而使居住者对环境条件的微小变化不那么容忍。该研究还表明，乘员调查可以以相对较低的成本提供有关感知到的舒适性和生产率的有用反馈。此类调查的见解可用于改善工作空间中的室内环境。创造出对环境条件的微小变化不太宽容的居住者。该研究还表明，乘员调查可以以相对较低的成本提供有关感知到的舒适性和生产率的有用反馈。此类调查的见解可用于改善工作空间中的室内环境。创造出对环境条件的微小变化不太宽容的居住者。该研究还表明，乘员调查可以以相对较低的成本提供有关感知到的舒适性和生产率的有用反馈。此类调查的见解可用于改善工作空间中的室内环境。