Abstract

Gasotransmitters are small molecules of gases, including nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), and carbon monoxide (CO). These three gasotransmitters can be endogenously produced and regulate a wide range of pathophysiological processes by interacting with specific targets upon diffusion in the biological media. By redox and epigenetic of various physiological functions, NO, H₂S, and CO are critical for maintenance of intracellular energy homeostasis. Accumulated evidence has shown that these three gasotransmitters control ATP generation, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis, etc. Abnormal generation and metabolism of NO, H₂S, and/or CO are involved in various abnormal metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. In this review, we summarized the roles of NO, H₂S, and CO in the regulation of energy homeostasis as well as their involvements in the metabolism dysfunction-related diseases. Understanding the interaction among these gasotransmitters and their specific molecular targets are very important for therapeutic applications.

摘要

气体发送器是气体的小分子，包括一氧化氮（NO），硫化氢（H ₂ S）和一氧化碳（CO）。这三种气体递质可以通过在生物介质中扩散后与特定靶标相互作用而内生产生并调节广泛的病理生理过程。通过氧化还原和各种生理功能的表观遗传，NO，H ₂ S和CO对于维持细胞内能量稳态至关重要。积累的证据表明，这三种气体递质控制着ATP的产生，线粒体的生物生成，葡萄糖代谢，胰岛素敏感性，脂质代谢和生热等。NO，H _2的异常生成和代谢S和/或CO参与各种异常代谢疾病，包括肥胖，糖尿病和血脂异常。在这篇综述中，我们总结了NO，H ₂ S和CO在调节能量稳态及其在代谢功能障碍相关疾病中的作用。了解这些气体递质及其特定分子靶标之间的相互作用对于治疗应用非常重要。