While theoretical models link obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) with executive function deficits, empirical findings from the neuropsychological literature remain mixed. These inconsistencies are likely exacerbated by the challenge of high‐dimensional data (i.e., many variables per subject), which is common across neuropsychological paradigms and necessitates analytical advances. More unique to OCD is the heterogeneity of symptom presentations, each of which may relate to distinct neuropsychological features. While researchers have traditionally attempted to account for this heterogeneity using a symptom‐based approach, an alternative involves focusing on underlying symptom motivations. Although the most studied symptom motivation involves fear of harmful events, 60–70% of patients also experience sensory phenomena, consisting of uncomfortable sensations or perceptions that drive compulsions. Sensory phenomena have received limited attention in the neuropsychological literature, despite evidence that symptoms motivated by these experiences may relate to distinct cognitive processes.

中文翻译：

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使用神经心理学数据的监督机器学习来区分有和没有感觉现象的强迫症患者与健康对照

虽然理论模型将强迫症 (OCD) 与执行功能缺陷联系起来，但神经心理学文献的实证结果仍然喜忧参半。高维数据的挑战（即每个受试者有许多变量）可能会加剧这些不一致，这在神经心理学范式中很常见，需要分析进展。强迫症更独特的是症状表现的异质性，每一种都可能与不同的神经心理学特征有关。虽然研究人员传统上试图使用基于症状的方法来解释这种异质性，但另一种方法是关注潜在的症状动机。虽然研究最多的症状动机涉及对有害事件的恐惧，但 60-70% 的患者也会经历感觉现象，由导致强迫行为的不舒服的感觉或知觉组成。尽管有证据表明由这些经历引起的症状可能与不同的认知过程有关，但感觉现象在神经心理学文献中受到的关注有限。