Long term consequence of non-fatal overdose in people who use opioids are not well understood. The intermittent exposure to non-fatal overdose leads to a tauopathy that is often accompanied by abrogated neuroprotective response, abnormal amyloid processing and other pathologies. The scope and limitations of available literature are discussed including neuropathologies associated with opioid and overdose exposures, contributing comorbidities and proteinopathies. Contrasting postmortem data of overdose victims with animal models of opioid neuropathologies and hypoxic injury paints a picture distinct from other proteinopathies as well as effects of moderate opioid exposure. Furthermore the reported biochemical changes and potential targets for therapeutic intervention were mapped pointing to underlying imbalance between tau kinases and phosphatases that is characteristic of Alzheimer Disease.

对使用阿片类药物的人非致命过量的长期后果尚不清楚。间歇性暴露于非致命性过量会导致 tau 蛋白病变，通常伴有神经保护反应终止、淀粉样蛋白加工异常和其他病理。讨论了现有文献的范围和局限性，包括与阿片类药物和过量暴露相关的神经病理学，导致合并症和蛋白质病。将过量服用受害者的死后数据与阿片类药物神经病理学和缺氧损伤的动物模型进行对比，描绘了一幅不同于其他蛋白质病以及适度阿片类药物暴露影响的图景。