Sugarcane straw (SCS) represents about one-third of the total primary sugarcane energy. Since its burning in pre-harvesting periods has been banned in Brazil, SCS available amount has grown, and the development of valuable applications for this lignocellulosic material became crucial for the development of a circular economy. An attractive and current alternative is its application in combustion processes for energy generation. However, in the biorefinery concept, the SCS processing as a potential feedstock for the obtainment of bioproducts and biomaterials, such as ethanol, xylitol, biogas, enzymes and oligosaccharides, has also attracted a great deal of attention. Thereby, this work provides a comprehensive review of the progress of SCS processing aimed at its valorization through the production of high-value products and the development of environmental-friendly and cost-effective processes.

甘蔗秸秆（SCS）约占初级甘蔗总能源的三分之一。由于在巴西禁止在收获前期燃烧，SCS的可用量增加了，开发这种木质纤维素材料的有价值的应用对于发展循环经济至关重要。当前有吸引力的替代方案是其在燃烧过程中用于产生能量。然而，在生物精炼概念中，SCS加工作为获得生物产品和生物材料（例如乙醇，木糖醇，沼气，酶和低聚糖）的潜在原料也引起了广泛关注。从而，