Development of the deformation monitoring techniques for the infrastructures so as to avoid catastrophic failure and resulting economic/human loss has remained a key interest of scientists and engineers. Among various deformation monitoring techniques utilized and explored by groups of researchers, electromagnetic radiation detection is one of the intriguing techniques which has remained popular in researchers’ community till today. Almost every type of material is being explored and studied by researchers for the electromagnetic emissions when subjected to external loading and/or failure. Experimental and theoretical investigations are demonstrating these emissions to be a suitable candidate for the deformation monitoring, as a failure predictor and to know about the complex phenomenon of fracture. This article presents extensive literature review and a rigorous discussion on the work done in the past several decades regarding the exploration of electromagnetic emissions from a wide variety of materials and the underlying physical mechanisms. Thus, this review is an attempt to highlight main findings, proposed physical mechanisms, prospective applications, future scope and challenges of the electromagnetic emission detection technique.

中文翻译：

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变形诱导电磁辐射检测综述：该技术的历史和现状

为基础设施开发变形监测技术以避免灾难性故障和由此产生的经济/人员损失一直是科学家和工程师的主要兴趣。在研究人员团体使用和探索的各种变形监测技术中，电磁辐射检测是迄今为止在研究人员社区中仍然流行的有趣技术之一。研究人员正在探索和研究几乎所有类型的材料在受到外部负载和/或故障时的电磁辐射。实验和理论研究表明，这些排放物是变形监测的合适候选者，可作为故障预测器并了解复杂的断裂现象。本文介绍了广泛的文献综述和对过去几十年所做的工作的严格讨论，这些工作涉及探索各种材料的电磁辐射和潜在的物理机制。因此，这篇综述试图强调电磁发射检测技术的主要发现、提出的物理机制、预期应用、未来范围和挑战。