Defining the features and duration of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with disease severity and outcome,Science Immunology

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Defining the features and duration of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with disease severity and outcome
Science Immunology ( IF 24.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 , DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe0240
Katharina Röltgen ₁ , Abigail E Powell ₂ , Oliver F Wirz ₁ , Bryan A Stevens ₁ , Catherine A Hogan ₁ , Javaria Najeeb ₃ , Molly Hunter ₄ , Hannah Wang ₁ , Malaya K Sahoo ₁ , ChunHong Huang ₁ , Fumiko Yamamoto ₁ , Monali Manohar _{5,

6} , Justin Manalac ₁ , Ana R Otrelo-Cardoso ₃ , Tho D Pham _{1,

7} , Arjun Rustagi ₈ , Angela J Rogers ₅ , Nigam H Shah ₉ , Catherine A Blish _{8,

10} , Jennifer R Cochran ₁₁ , Theodore S Jardetzky ₃ , James L Zehnder ₁ , Taia T Wang _{8,

10,

12} , Balasubramanian Narasimhan _{13,

14} , Saurabh Gombar ₁ , Robert Tibshirani _{13,

14} , Kari C Nadeau _{5,

6} , Peter S Kim _{2,

10} , Benjamin A Pinsky _{1,

8} , Scott D Boyd _{1,

6}

Affiliation

Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stanford ChEM-H and Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
ATUM, Newark, CA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stanford Blood Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, particularly those preventing viral spike receptor binding domain (RBD) interaction with host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, can neutralize the virus. It is, however, unknown which features of the serological response may affect clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients. We analyzed 983 longitudinal plasma samples from 79 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 175 SARS-CoV-2-infected outpatients and asymptomatic individuals. Within this cohort, 25 patients died of their illness. Higher ratios of IgG antibodies targeting S1 or RBD domains of spike compared to nucleocapsid antigen were seen in outpatients who had mild illness versus severely ill patients. Plasma antibody increases correlated with decreases in viral RNAemia, but antibody responses in acute illness were insufficient to predict inpatient outcomes. Pseudovirus neutralization assays and a scalable ELISA measuring antibodies blocking RBD-ACE2 interaction were well correlated with patient IgG titers to RBD. Outpatient and asymptomatic individuals’ SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, including IgG, progressively decreased during observation up to five months post-infection.

中文翻译：

定义与疾病严重程度和结果相关的针对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的抗体反应的特征和持续时间

SARS-CoV-2 特异性抗体，特别是那些阻止病毒刺突受体结合域 (RBD) 与宿主血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2) 受体相互作用的抗体，可以中和病毒。然而，尚不清楚血清学反应的哪些特征可能会影响 COVID-19 患者的临床结果。我们分析了来自 79 名住院 COVID-19 患者和 175 名 SARS-CoV-2 感染门诊患者和无症状个体的 983 份纵向血浆样本。在该队列中，25 名患者因病死亡。与核衣壳抗原相比，轻症门诊患者与重症患者相比，针对刺突 S1 或 RBD 结构域的 IgG 抗体比例更高。血浆抗体的增加与病毒 RNA 血症的减少相关，但急性疾病中的抗体反应不足以预测住院患者的结果。假病毒中和试验和可扩展的 ELISA 测量阻断 RBD-ACE2 相互作用的抗体与患者对 RBD 的 IgG 滴度密切相关。门诊患者和无症状个体的 SARS-CoV-2 抗体（包括 IgG）在感染后长达 5 个月的观察期间逐渐下降。

更新日期：2020-12-08

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