Abstract

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antifungal activity of hydrodistillation essential oil from the aerial parts of Thymus vulgaris. The chemical compounds were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The oil analysis resulted in the identification of 45 compounds representing 96.75% of the oil. Thymol (36.81 %) and ρ-cymene (30.90 %) were the main components of the oil. The oil was tested for in vitro antifungal activity against three phytopathogenic fungi included Drechslera spicifera, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris and Macrophomina phaseolina by the agar dilution method. According to the results of the antifungal assay, the antifungal activity of the oil increased with rising in concentration. All of the tested concentrations of essential oil could completely inhibit fungal growth on 1600 μLL^-1. Although thyme oil on 800 μLL^-1 was not completely effective against the M. phaseolina, prevented from mycelia growth of other fungi, perfectly. In this study fungicidal activity only was observed on F. oxysporum and D. spicifera at higher concentrations than 800 μLL^-1. The antifungal activity of T. vulgaris essential oil probably due to the high concentration of oxygenated monoterpenes (thymol) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (ρ-cymene).

摘要

这项研究旨在检查百里香寻常部位加氢蒸馏精油的化学成分和体外抗真菌活性。通过GC和GC / MS分析化合物。油分析结果鉴定出45种化合物，占油的96.75％。百里酚（36.81％）和对-异丙苯（30.90％）是该油的主要成分。测试了该油对三种植物病原真菌的体外抗真菌活性，其中包括Drechslera spicifera，Fusarium oxysporumf.sp。蜡ice和菜豆用琼脂稀释法。根据抗真菌测定的结果，该油的抗真菌活性随浓度的增加而增加。所有测试浓度的精油都可以完全抑制1600μLL ^-1上的真菌生长。尽管在800μLL ^-1上的百里香油不能完全有效地对抗菜豆分枝杆菌，但可以完美地阻止其他真菌的菌丝体生长。在这项研究中的杀菌活性只观察到对尖孢镰刀菌和D. spicifera在较高浓度超过800μLL ^-1。寻常型锥虫的抗真菌活性 精油可能归因于高浓度的氧化单萜（百里香酚）和单萜碳氢化合物（ρ-丁烯）。