Abstract

Different types of nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in multiple sectors such as industry, medicine and agriculture. This application has increased the possibility of NPs accumulating and contaminating the environment. Plants are one of the essential building blocks of all ecosystems and the interaction between NPs and plants is an indispensable aspect of risk assessment. To understand the effects of NPs in agricultural systems, in the present study we investigated the effects of exposure of Ag, Cu and Cu/Ag phytonanoparticles in Arachis hypogaea L. plants at a physiological and biochemical level, for which NPs solutions were applied foliarly at concentrations of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm for 48 days. Parameters such as leaf length, chlorophyll and concentration of phytohormones showed that phytonanoparticles could cause serious damage to plant growth and development. Plants exposed to phytonanoparticles showed an increase in total phenols, proline, PAL activity and antioxidant enzymes, this to mitigate the stress caused. The alteration in the composition and content of fatty acids in the peanut kernels after exposure to different NPs indicated that they could affect the yield and quality of crop. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate its potential impact on food quality.

• Statement of novelty

• In this manuscript, we report for the first time that green nanoparticles induced a lower degree of toxicity in plants compared to commercial nanoparticles.

• Our results indicate that the mechanisms by which peanut plants respond to the application of nanoparticles were an increase in the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and antioxidant enzymes. So far there are few studies on the effect of nanoparticles on plant hormones, our results revealed a significant decrease in indole-3 acetic acid and induced the synthesis of gibberellins. The modification in the composition and content of fatty acids in the peanut kernels indicated that the nanoparticles could affect the quality of the crop.

摘要

不同类型的纳米颗粒（NPs）越来越多地用于工业，医药和农业等多个领域。此应用程序增加了NP积聚和污染环境的可能性。植物是所有生态系统的基本组成部分之一，NP与植物之间的相互作用是风险评估必不可少的方面。为了了解NPs在农业系统中的作用，在本研究中，我们调查了Ag，Cu和Cu / Ag植基纳米颗粒暴露于花生中的影响。在生理和生化水平上的L.植物，将NPs溶液以250、500、750和1000 ppm的浓度叶面施用48天。叶长，叶绿素和植物激素浓度等参数表明，植物纳米颗粒可能对植物的生长发育造成严重损害。暴露于植物纳米颗粒的植物显示总酚，脯氨酸，PAL活性和抗氧化酶的增加，从而减轻了所引起的压力。暴露于不同NPs后花生籽粒中脂肪酸组成和含量的变化表明它们可能影响作物的产量和品质。因此，有必要调查其对食品质量的潜在影响。

• 新颖性声明

• 在此手稿中，我们首次报道绿色纳米颗粒与商业纳米颗粒相比，在植物中诱导的毒性较低。

• 我们的结果表明，花生植物响应纳米粒子应用的机制是苯丙氨酸氨裂解酶和抗氧化酶活性的增加。迄今为止，关于纳米粒子对植物激素的影响的研究很少，我们的结果表明吲哚3乙酸的显着减少并诱导了赤霉素的合成。花生仁中脂肪酸组成和含量的改变表明纳米颗粒可能影响农作物的品质。