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Sustainability assessment of different land tenure farming systems in tea farming: The effect of decisional and structural variables
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 , DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4379
Shamsheer Ul Haq 1 , Ismet Boz 2 , Pomi Shahbaz 2
Affiliation  

This study focuses on the sustainability of different land tenure farms in tea farming and explores the effect of structural and decisional variables on tea farm sustainability. For this, a total of 138 tea growers from the Rize province of Turkey were selected through a stratified sampling approach and interviewed directly. The positive and negative effects of independent variables on all dimensions of sustainability were emphasized after an extensive review of the literature. This reviewing activity also facilitated hypothesizing the possible influences of variables on overall tea sustainability. A tobit model was used to examine the influence of the structural and decisional variables on tea farm sustainability. The results described that owners were more sustainable compared with shareholders. Their economic and social sustainability levels were not significantly different from each other. However, environmental sustainability at owners' tea farms was more satisfactory than that of shareholders. Among structural variables, land slope, age of tea orchard, and farmers' age were negative influences, whereas cooperative membership and terrace status affected tea farm sustainability positively. Similarly, among decisional variables, family labor, fertilizer application methods, farmers' willingness to perform a soil test, and sale value of tea had positive influences, whereas the cost of chemical fertilizers had a negative influence on tea farm sustainability. The land tenure was found to have a significant effect on sustainability when the tea farmer was the owner of the farm. Thus, farmers should replant their orchards on time, and adopt sustainable practices such as terracing and employing environment-friendly fertilizer application methods for increasing tea sustainability in the locality. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:814–834. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译:

茶叶种植中不同土地占有制耕作制度的可持续性评估:决策和结构变量的影响

本研究侧重于茶园不同土地使用权农场的可持续性,并探讨结构和决策变量对茶园可持续性的影响。为此,我们通过分层抽样方法从土耳其里泽省总共选择了 138 名茶农,并直接进行了采访。在广泛查阅文献后,强调了自变量对可持续性所有维度的正面和负面影响。这项审查活动还有助于假设变量对整体茶叶可持续性的可能影响。Tobit 模型用于检查结构和决策变量对茶园可持续性的影响。结果表明,与股东相比,所有者更具可持续性。它们的经济和社会可持续性水平彼此之间没有显着差异。然而,业主茶园的环境可持续性比股东更令人满意。在结构变量中,土地坡度、茶园年龄和农民年龄是负面影响,而合作社成员和梯田状况对茶园的可持续性有积极影响。同样,在决策变量中,家庭劳动力、施肥方法、农民进行土壤测试的意愿和茶叶的销售价值具有积极的影响,而化肥成本对茶园的可持续性有负面影响。当茶农是农场的所有者时,土地所有权被发现对可持续性有显着影响。因此,农民应按时补种果园,Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:814-834。© 2020 SETAC
更新日期:2020-12-07
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