Introduction

The aims of this study were to assess associations between car use for school journeys in early childhood and car use for school journeys in later childhood and adolescence, (ii) determine whether an income gradient to habitual car use for school journeys and overweight/obesity exists in the UK, and (iii) assess the extent to which habitual car use for school journeys through childhood and into adolescence is associated with overweight/obesity in adolescence.

Methods

Data is from sweep three, four, five and six of the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Subjects consisted of 8494 children (4251 girls). Stature and body mass were assessed at age 5 and 14 years and children were categorised as normal weight or overweight/obesity. Commute mode to and from school was parent/carer reported at age 5, 7, 11 and 14 years and habitual car use for school journeys was determined. Family income at age 5 years was determined using equivalised household income. Adjusted logistic and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted.

Results

Car use for school journeys at age 5 was positively associated with car use for school journeys at age 7, 11 and 14 years (p < 0.001). Family income at child age 5 was inversely associated with overweight/obese at age 5 and 14 years and positively associated with habitual car use (p < 0.001). Habitual car use for school journeys was not associated with overweight/obesity at age 14 years.

Conclusions

Car use for school journeys in early childhood is positively associated with car use for school journeys in later childhood and adolescence. Children living in the highest income households have the lowest rates of overweight/obesity, and there is an income gradient to habitual car use for school journeys. Habitual car use for school journeys through childhood and into adolescence is not positively associated with overweight/obesity in adolescence.

中文翻译：

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家庭收入很重要！追踪英国年轻人上学旅行和与超重/肥胖相关的习惯性汽车使用情况

介绍

这项研究的目的是评估儿童在上学期间乘车旅行与在儿童期和青春期后在校车旅行之间的联系，（ii）确定是否存在收入的乘车习惯和超重/肥胖与习惯性汽车使用之间的收入梯度（iii）评估在儿童期至青春期的学校旅行中习惯使用汽车与青春期超重/肥胖相关的程度。

方法

数据来自《英国千年队列研究》的第三，四，五和六。受试者包括8494名儿童（4251名女孩）。在5岁和14岁时评估身高和体重，并将儿童分类为正常体重或超重/肥胖症。父母/照顾者在5、7、11和14岁时报告了往返学校的通勤模式，并确定了学校乘车时的惯用汽车。5岁时的家庭收入是使用等值的家庭收入确定的。进行了调整后的逻辑和多项式逻辑回归分析。

结果

5岁时用于学校旅行的汽车使用与7岁，11岁和14岁时用于学校旅行的汽车使用呈正相关（p  <0.001）。5岁儿童的家庭收入与5岁和14岁儿童的超重/肥胖成反比，与习惯汽车使用成正比（p  <0.001）。在14岁时习惯于出行的汽车与超重/肥胖无关。

结论

幼儿在上学旅行时使用的汽车与童年后期和青春期的上学旅行的汽车成正相关。生活在收入最高的家庭中的儿童的超重/肥胖率最低，并且在上学途中习惯使用汽车的收入存在梯度。在儿童时期到青春期的学校旅行中习惯使用汽车与青春期的超重/肥胖没有正相关关系。