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Ethyl formate fumigation and ethyl formate plus cold treatment combination as potential phytosanitary quarantine treatments of Drosophila suzukii in blueberries
Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2020.11.008
Tae Hyung Kwon , Chung Gyoo Park , Byung-Ho Lee , Dominique R. Zarders , Gwang Hyun Roh , Paul E. Kendra , Dong H. Cha

Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is a serious invasive pest of berries and cherries in the U.S. and Europe and has become a major phytosanitary trade barrier. In this pilot study, we explored the potential of using stand-alone ethyl formate (EF) treatment and a combinatory treatment of EF and cold temperature as postharvest control options for D. suzukii in imported blueberries. Stand-alone EF fumigations were effective against D. suzukii with LCt99% of 207.7 and 168.5 g·h·m−3 for eggs, the most tolerant life stage, at 5 and 21 °C, respectively. In a scale-up (10 m3) trial conducted at 5 °C, complete control of D. suzukii eggs placed inside and outside of blueberry boxes was achieved using 70 g·m−3 EF for 4 h with 5% blueberry loading ratio without deleterious impact on blueberry appearance such as soft spot or berry shrivel. In small scale pilot studies, 9-d stand-alone cold treatment at 5 °C was sufficient for complete control of D. suzukii eggs and larvae tested, but not pupae. The efficacy of this cold treatment appeared to be improved when D. suzukii eggs were first treated with low-dose EF (LCt50% level) prior to the cold treatment. The combination treatment resulted in complete mortality of D. suzukii eggs, larvae, and pupae tested after 7, 5, and 9 d of cold treatment, respectively. Together, these results suggest that stand-alone EF treatment, or the combination treatment of low-dose EF and cold as a systems approach may have a potential as postharvest treatments for D. suzukii in blueberries.



中文翻译:

甲酸乙酯熏蒸和甲酸乙酯加冷处理组合作为铃木果蝇在蓝莓中的潜在植物检疫检疫处理

斑翅果蝇Drosophila suzukii(双翅目:Drosophilidae)在美国和欧洲是浆果和樱桃的严重入侵害虫,已成为植物检疫的主要贸易壁垒。在这项初步研究中,我们探索了使用独立的甲酸乙酯(EF)处理以及将EF和低温混合处理作为进口蓝莓中铃木D.收获后控制选择的潜力。独立的EF熏蒸对铃木病有效,对卵的LCt 99%分别为207.7和168.5 g·h·m -3,这是最耐受的生命周期,分别在5和21°C下。在5°C下进行的放大(10 m 3)试验中,完全控制了铃木D.使用70 g·m -3 EF持续4 h,蓝莓负载率为5%,可以在蓝莓盒内外放置鸡蛋,而不会对蓝莓的外观产生不利影响,例如软斑点或浆果枯萎。在小规模的中试研究中,在5°C下进行9天独立冷处理足以完全控制所测试的铃木D.卵和幼虫,但不能完全控制p 。当在冷处理之前先用低剂量EF(LCt 50%水平)处理铃木D蛋时,这种冷处理的功效似乎得到了改善。联合治疗导致铃木D.完全死亡分别在冷处理7、5和9天后测试卵,幼虫和p。总之,这些结果表明,单独的EF治疗或低剂量EF与感冒的联合治疗(系统方法)可能在蓝莓中作为铃木D.收获后的治疗方法。

更新日期:2020-12-18
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