当前位置: X-MOL 学术Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Social vulnerability and short-term disaster assistance in the United States
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.102010
Oronde Drakes , Eric Tate , Jayton Rainey , Samuel Brody

Short-term disaster assistance is an important component of federal disaster response in the United States, providing over $63 billion from 2007 to 2016. Though assistance programs are designed to facilitate the return to basic living conditions, ambiguity surrounds their relationship with socially vulnerable populations who are most likely to require external aid. This study explores the spatial and statistical association between short-term disaster assistance and social vulnerability across the contiguous US. Analysis using bivariate Local Indicators of Spatial Association revealed places with high levels of both assistance and social vulnerability to be clustered in the southeastern United States, as were those with low assistance and high social vulnerability. Overall, places with high social vulnerability were predominantly rural. Based on multivariate regression analysis, dollar damage was the major determinant of allocated assistance for homeowners, but was not explanatory for renters. Indicators of race were associated with lower levels of assistance to homeowners in places where assistance was otherwise high. Among renters, indicators associated with increased coping capacities were associated with greater levels of assistance in places with low allocations of assistance disbursement. Our findings indicate disaster assistance may be underserving some places with more socially vulnerable populations. We recommend that social vulnerability should be explicitly considered in the allocation of assistance to improve social equity in short-term assistance programs.



中文翻译:

美国的社会脆弱性和短期灾难援助

短期救灾是美国联邦救灾工作的重要组成部分,从2007年到2016年提供了630亿美元。尽管救助计划旨在促进基本生活条件的恢复,但他们与社会弱势群体之间的关系含糊不清最有可能需要外部援助。这项研究探索了连续美国各地的短期灾难援助与社会脆弱性之间的空间和统计联系。使用二元空间协会局部指标进行的分析显示,在美国东南部,具有较高援助水平和社会脆弱性的地方都将聚在一起,而那些援助水平低和社会脆弱性高的地方也是如此。总体而言,社会脆弱性较高的地方主要是农村地区。根据多元回归分析,美元损失是房主分配援助的主要决定因素,但对房客却不能解释。种族的指标与在援助本来很高的地方对房主的援助水平较低有关。在房客中,与应付能力增强相关的指标与援助支出分配低的地方的援助水平更高有关。我们的研究结果表明,在一些社会弱势群体较多的地方,救灾援助可能不足。我们建议在分配援助时应明确考虑社会脆弱性,以改善短期援助方案中的社会公平性。但对租房者而言并不能解释。种族的指标与在援助本来很高的地方对房主的援助水平较低有关。在房客中,与应付能力增强相关的指标与援助支出分配低的地方的援助水平更高有关。我们的研究结果表明,在一些社会弱势群体较多的地方,救灾援助可能不足。我们建议在分配援助时应明确考虑社会脆弱性,以改善短期援助方案中的社会公平性。但对租房者而言并不能解释。种族的指标与在援助本来很高的地方对房主的援助水平较低有关。在房客中,与应付能力增强相关的指标与援助支出分配低的地方的援助水平更高有关。我们的研究结果表明,在一些社会弱势群体较多的地方,救灾援助可能不足。我们建议在分配援助时应明确考虑社会脆弱性,以改善短期援助方案中的社会公平性。与应对能力增强相关的指标与援助支出分配低的地方的援助水平更高有关。我们的研究结果表明,在一些社会弱势群体较多的地方,救灾援助可能不足。我们建议在分配援助时应明确考虑社会脆弱性,以改善短期援助方案中的社会公平性。与应对能力增强相关的指标与援助支出分配低的地方的援助水平更高有关。我们的研究结果表明,在一些社会弱势群体较多的地方,救灾援助可能不足。我们建议在分配援助时应明确考虑社会脆弱性,以改善短期援助方案中的社会公平性。

更新日期:2020-12-14
down
wechat
bug