Three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) is a fast-evolving manufacturing technique in the construction industry with numerous advantages over traditional construction methods. Nevertheless, many unknowns about 3DCP in the manufacturing stage still remain, such as the maximum number of printed layers before failure or the maximum speed at which a certain design can be properly printed. In this paper, a numerical model for the simulation of the structural behaviour of 3D printed fresh concrete is proposed and discussed. In order to obtain complete control over the additive process, material properties and layer interactions, the finite element mesh needs to be created from the ground up in a layer-wise manner. Therefore, a parametric tool was developed, which allows for the creation of finite element models without requiring extensive manual modelling. The main advantage of the developed tool is the possibility to automate the pre-processing step for the numerical analysis and simulate the structural behaviour of a randomly shaped object during printing. Additionally, it allows for finding the appropriate material properties for a certain print object at a desired print speed and vice versa. As such, the printing process can first be virtually simulated and improved upon without physical experimentation and the corresponding material waste. Ultimately, the developed tool can assist in an entire 3DCP workflow with regard to efficiency and material usage. Models created with the presented tool were evaluated and validated based on experimental and numerical results from literature. Finally, the case study of a geometrically complex print object is presented, demonstrating the tool’s potential.

三维混凝土印刷（3DCP）是建筑行业中发展迅速的制造技术，具有优于传统建筑方法的众多优势。但是，在制造阶段仍存在许多关于3DCP的未知数，例如故障之前的最大印刷层数或可以正确印刷某些设计的最大速度。本文提出并讨论了一种用于模拟3D打印新鲜混凝土结构行为的数值模型。为了获得对添加过程，材料特性和层间相互作用的完全控制，需要以分层的方式从头开始创建有限元网格。因此，开发了一种参数化工具，它允许创建有限元模型，而无需大量的手动建模。开发的工具的主要优点是可以自动执行数值分析的预处理步骤，并在打印过程中模拟随机形状的对象的结构行为。另外，它允许以期望的打印速度找到特定打印对象的适当材料属性，反之亦然。这样，可以首先虚拟地模拟和改进印刷过程，而无需进行物理实验和相应的材料浪费。最终，开发的工具可以在效率和材料使用方面协助整个3DCP工作流程。基于文献的实验和数值结果，评估并验证了使用该工具创建的模型。最后，