ABSTRACT

Purpose: ATVs (all-terrain vehicle) and other small rollover prone vehicles show high risk of accidents from rollover, which can cause severe injuries and death. According to Swedish data, there were 37 killed per 100,000 vehicles compared to 2 per 100,000 vehicles for ordinary cars. In 70% of the on road accidents and in 60% of the terrain accidents, rollover was the reason. The ATV is prone to rollover, and the driving style influences the vehicle stability. Training, active driving style, and wearing a helmet will increase the possibilities to avoid accidents and severe injury. Except for the use of helmet and other personal equipment for protection, the use of passive rollover protection devices is recommended. The Swedish national strategy for increased ATV safety recommend alcohol interlocks, electronic stability systems, and rollover warning as examples of safety devices for ATVs. The aim of this project was to evaluate if a concept for rollover warning could reduce the number of injuries with ATVs and other small vehicles. The study was carried out in cooperation with professionals using ATVs in their ordinary operations. The overall aim was to analyze and suggest active safety solutions that can reduce the number of injuries with ATVs and other small rollover prone vehicles.

Methods: Field studies proceeded in parallel with the development of the prototypes. The field studies included a broad group of users, like farmers, reindeer farmers, forestry work, horse business, and technical maintenance.

Results/Findings: The test subjects answered a questionnaire, of which 92% declared previous experience of driving an ATV, and 60% declared some kind of formal education. More than one-third (36%) declared earlier rollover accident or near accident. Of the test subjects, 75% declared that the rollover prototype worked well or very well, and 80% confirmed that the signal was good enough. Some have wished for a gradually increasing auditive signal, as in an ordinary car parking sensor system. Independent of one another, several test drivers have suggested that a warning system should be possible to adjust depending on machine, assignment, and driver competence.

Practical Application: A warning system for users of ATV:s could be helpful both for professionals as well as beginners and could as well reduce the number of rollover incidents and serious injuries.

摘要

目的：ATV（全地形车）和其他易于倾翻的小型车辆发生倾翻事故的风险很高，可能导致严重的伤害和死亡。根据瑞典的数据，每10万辆汽车中有37人丧生，而普通汽车每10万辆中有2人死亡。原因是在70％的公路事故和60％的地形事故中均发生翻车。ATV容易发生侧翻，并且驾驶方式会影响车辆的稳定性。训练，主动驾驶和戴头盔会增加避免事故和严重伤害的可能性。除了使用头盔和其他个人设备进行保护外，建议使用被动侧翻保护设备。瑞典提高ATV安全性的国家策略建议使用酒锁，电子稳定系统，和侧翻警告作为ATV安全设备的示例。该项目的目的是评估翻车警告的概念是否可以减少ATV和其他小型车辆的伤害数量。该研究是与在日常操作中使用ATV的专业人士合作进行的。总体目标是分析并提出主动安全解决方案，以减少ATV和其他易于侧翻的小型车辆的伤害数量。

方法：实地研究与原型开发同时进行。实地研究包括广泛的用户群体，例如农民，驯鹿农民，林业工作，养马业和技术维护。

结果/发现：测试对象回答了一份问卷，其中92％的人声称曾驾驶过ATV，60％的人声称接受过某种正规的教育。超过三分之一（36％）的乘客宣布了更早的翻车事故或接近事故。在测试对象中，有75％的人表示翻车原型工作良好或很好，而有80％的人表示信号足够好。一些人希望像普通的停车场传感器系统那样逐渐增加听觉信号。彼此独立的是，一些测试驾驶员建议应根据机器，分配和驾驶员能力对警告系统进行调整。

实际应用：ATV用户的警告系统对专业人士和初学者都有帮助，也可以减少翻车事件和严重伤害的发生。