3D-printed batteries have emerged as a class of unique energy storage devices with outstanding features of microscale dimensions and aesthetic diversity, which are vital to miniaturized and customized electronics. Understanding 3D printing designs in battery materials and architectures is key to optimize performance and realize the customization of 3D-printed batteries. In this Review, we summarize the latest advances in 3D-printed batteries with respect to the connection between printable materials and printing techniques as well as the rational design considerations. We first introduce unique features of 3D printing techniques, subsequently focusing on the printable battery modules and general approaches to making them printable. Thereafter, we examine the prominent roles of 3D printing designs in the module architectures, battery configurations, and effective solutions that help resolve issues that hamper batteries’ performance. We conclude by discussing further research directions in terms of functional materials, advanced printing technologies, and new device designs.

3D打印电池已成为一类独特的储能设备，具有微尺度尺寸和美学多样性的突出特征，这对于小型化和定制化电子产品至关重要。了解电池材料和架构中的3D打印设计对于优化性能和实现3D打印电池的定制至关重要。在这篇评论中，我们总结了3D打印电池在可打印材料和打印技术之间的联系以及合理的设计考虑方面的最新进展。我们首先介绍3D打印技术的独特功能，然后重点介绍可打印的电池模块和使其可打印的一般方法。之后，我们研究了3D打印设计在模块架构，电池配置，有效的解决方案可帮助解决阻碍电池性能的问题。最后，我们讨论了功能材料，先进的印刷技术和新设备设计方面的进一步研究方向。