Nanosized polyphosphate bodies (PPB) are potential iron supplements for iron deficiency treatment, which can be produced by microalgal cell factories. To investigate the effect of PPB on iron-deficiency anemia, iron-deficient rats were constructed and given feeds with different iron supplements. Four iron supplements, i.e. PPB from microalgae, FeSO₄, ferric citrate (FC), and synthetic polyphosphate (PolyP) + FC, were investigated in iron-deficiency anemia treatment at three different dietary intervention stages (i.e. day 3, 7, and 10). These four iron supplements showed similar hemoglobin (Hb) improvements at day 3 and 7, respectively; however, PPB and FeSO₄ resulted in higher increased Hb and reticulocyte Hb than FC and PolyP at day 10. The Hb regeneration efficiencies followed the order: PolyP (42.6%) ≈ FC (47.7%) < FeSO₄ (56.1%) ≈ PPB (56.2%). The absolute reticulocyte content increased from day 3 to day 7 then decreased at day10 in all iron repletion groups. PPB diet supplied more intestinal total soluble, low-molecular weight, and nanosized iron than FC and PolyP diets. Overall, PPB are novel natural iron supplements that can be used for iron-deficiency anemia treatment, opened new possibilities to develop natural microalgal nanoparticles as high-value products in human health improvement.

纳米级多磷酸盐体（PPB）是潜在的铁补充剂，可通过微藻细胞工厂生产，用于铁缺乏症的治疗。为了研究PPB对缺铁性贫血的影响，构建了缺铁性大鼠并给其饲喂不同的铁补充剂。在三种不同的饮食干预阶段（即第3、7和10天）对缺铁性贫血进行了研究，研究了四种铁补充剂，即来自微藻类的PPB，FeSO ₄，柠檬酸铁（FC）和合成多磷酸盐（PolyP）+ FC。 ）。这四种铁补充剂分别在第3天和第7天显示出相似的血红蛋白（Hb）改善；但是，PPB和FeSO ₄导致第10天的Hb和网织红细胞Hb的增加量高于FC和PolyP。Hb的再生效率遵循以下顺序：PolyP（42.6％）≈FC（47.7％）<FeSO ₄（56.1％）≈PPB（56.2％）。在所有补铁组中，网状细胞的绝对含量从第3天到第7天增加，然后在第10天下降。与FC和PolyP饮食相比，PPB饮食提供了更多的肠道总可溶性，低分子量和纳米铁。总体而言，PPB是可用于缺铁性贫血治疗的新型天然铁补充剂，为开发天然微藻类纳米颗粒作为改善人类健康的高价值产品开辟了新的可能性。