The key external characteristics of chicken eggs that should be accurately estimated for various applications in poultry research, food engineering and technology development areas are volume (V) and surface area (S), although many researchers often use approximate calculation formulae proposed back in the middle of the last century. These were based on speculative constants and prone to computational errors. Using Hugelschaffer's model and simulation modelling, we generated 1820 various combinations of eggs, according to which V and S were computed with more accurate and simplified formulae that we have improved here. As a result, dependencies were obtained for a simplified calculation of these parameters using only non-destructive measurement data on the egg length and maximum breadth, with the average error in calculating V being 1.1% and that for S 0.3%. The produced equations for V and S of chicken eggs can be used in non-invasive measurement of egg characteristics. Further improvement of these formulae does not seem feasible, suggesting closing for now the polemic about more acceptable calculation of these egg variables and relevant computation errors and constants.

中文翻译：

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鸡蛋特性的无损测量：改进的鸡蛋体积和表面积计算公式

在家禽研究、食品工程和技术开发领域的各种应用中应该准确估计鸡蛋的关键外部特征是体积 (V) 和表面积 (S)，尽管许多研究人员经常使用中间提出的近似计算公式上个世纪。这些都是基于推测常数，容易出现计算错误。使用 Hugelschaffer 的模型和模拟建模，我们生成了 1820 种不同的鸡蛋组合，根据这些组合，使用我们在这里改进的更准确和简化的公式计算了 V 和 S。因此，仅使用关于鸡蛋长度和最大宽度的非破坏性测量数据，计算这些参数的相关性得到了简化计算，计算 V 的平均误差为 1。1%，S 为 0.3%。生成的鸡蛋 V 和 S 方程可用于鸡蛋特性的非侵入性测量。这些公式的进一步改进似乎不可行，这表明现在结束关于这些蛋变量和相关计算错误和常数的更可接受的计算的争论。