Background

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, commonly known as the pine wood nematode (PWN), is one of the most destructive nematode species. It causes pine wilt, a slow progressive disease that results in economic loss worldwide.

Objective

Here, we review the nematode detection methods, including morphological, molecular, chemical, and protein-based methods, and assess how the nematode’s distribution, virulence, incidence, and severity may be attenuated.

Results

Pathogenicity of the pine wood nematode is determined via its morphological and molecular characteristics. Many studies have used nucleic acid PCR amplification as a molecular-based technique, but there are often problems with DNA isolation. Currently, molecular-, chemical-, and protein-based analysis methods are used to diagnose emerging pine wilt diseases.

Conclusion

It is important to quickly diagnose and treat symptomatic trees, but the asymptomatic trees also require quick diagnosis and removal. For this reason, morphological- and DNA-based methods should be combined with chemical- and protein-based approaches for quick and efficient detection.

中文翻译：

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松木线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus及其分子诊断方法

背景

松材线虫（Bursaphelenchus xylophilus），通常称为松木线虫（PWN），是最具破坏性的线虫之一。它会引起松萎，这是一种缓慢的进行性疾病，导致全球范围内的经济损失。

目的

在这里，我们回顾了线虫的检测方法，包括基于形态学，分子，化学和蛋白质的方法，并评估了线虫的分布，毒力，发生率和严重性如何被减弱。

结果

松木线虫的致病性取决于其形态和分子特征。许多研究已将核酸PCR扩增用作基于分子的技术，但DNA分离常常存在问题。当前，基于分子，化学和蛋白质的分析方法被用于诊断新出现的松树枯萎病。

结论

快速诊断和治疗症状树很重要，但无症状树也需要快速诊断和清除。因此，应将基于形态学和DNA的方法与基于化学和蛋白质的方法相结合，以快速有效地进行检测。